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项 目 |
中 国 |
美 国 |
日 本 |
英 国 |
法 国 |
德 国 |
澳大利亚 |
加拿大 |
意大利 |
瑞 典 |
瑞 士 |
土耳其 |
奥地利 |
比利时 |
捷 克 |
丹 麦 |
韩 国 |
俄罗斯联邦 |
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一、R&D人员 |
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1.人力资源 |
(2009) |
(2006) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2007) |
(2008) |
(2006) |
(2007) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2007) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
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从事R&D活动人员(千人) |
3183.7 |
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908.8 |
341.5 |
372.3 |
521.9 |
126.1 |
228.7 |
236.3 |
77.5 |
62.1 |
63.4 |
58.1 |
58.7 |
50.8 |
48.1 |
294.4 |
869.8 |
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#研究人员 |
1649.7 |
1425.6 |
682.8 |
251.6 |
215.8 |
301.3 |
87.1 |
142.9 |
96.3 |
48.2 |
25.1 |
49.7 |
34.5 |
36.4 |
29.8 |
30.9 |
236.1 |
451.2 |
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每万人劳动力中从事 |
40 |
|
137 |
110 |
131 |
125 |
116 |
127 |
94 |
158 |
133 |
27 |
137 |
122 |
97 |
164 |
121 |
115 |
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#研究人员 |
21 |
94 |
103 |
81 |
76 |
72 |
81 |
79 |
38 |
98 |
54 |
21 |
81 |
76 |
57 |
106 |
97 |
60 |
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2.从事R&D活动人员按 |
(2009) |
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(2008) |
(2008) |
(2007) |
(2008) |
(2006) |
(2007) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2007) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
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企业部门 |
68.6 |
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68.8 |
44.6 |
57.3 |
63.8 |
36.7 |
64.5 |
42.8 |
75.8 |
64.2 |
38.3 |
69.5 |
57.8 |
51.3 |
66.5 |
70.8 |
54.9 |
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政府部门 |
10.1 |
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6.8 |
5.4 |
13.6 |
15.5 |
13.0 |
8.2 |
15.2 |
3.8 |
1.3 |
15.1 |
4.7 |
6.9 |
22.4 |
3.6 |
7.4 |
32.5 |
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高等教育部门 |
16.0 |
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22.9 |
47.9 |
27.5 |
20.7 |
46.6 |
26.3 |
38.5 |
20.1 |
34.5 |
46.6 |
25.6 |
34.3 |
25.9 |
29.3 |
20.5 |
12.3 |
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二、R&D经费 |
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1.按经费来源分(％) |
(2009) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2007) |
(2006) |
(2009) |
(2007) |
(2007) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2009) |
(2007) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
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来源于企业资金 |
71.7 |
67.4 |
78.2 |
45.4 |
50.5 |
67.9 |
58.3 |
47.5 |
42.0 |
64.0 |
68.2 |
47.3 |
44.8 |
61.4 |
52.2 |
61.1 |
72.9 |
28.7 |
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来源于政府资金 |
23.4 |
26.9 |
15.6 |
30.7 |
39.4 |
27.7 |
37.3 |
32.5 |
44.3 |
22.2 |
22.8 |
31.6 |
39.1 |
22.2 |
41.3 |
25.3 |
25.4 |
64.7 |
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来源于其他资金 |
4.8 |
5.7 |
6.2 |
23.9 |
10.1 |
4.4 |
4.4 |
20.0 |
13.7 |
13.8 |
9.0 |
21.1 |
16.1 |
16.5 |
6.5 |
13.5 |
1.7 |
6.6 |
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2.按执行部门分(％) |
(2009) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2006) |
(2009) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
(2008) |
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企业部门 |
73.2 |
72.7 |
78.5 |
62.0 |
63.0 |
69.9 |
58.3 |
54.1 |
50.9 |
74.1 |
73.5 |
44.2 |
70.6 |
68.9 |
61.9 |
70.1 |
75.4 |
62.9 |
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政府部门 |
17.2 |
10.5 |
8.3 |
9.2 |
16.1 |
13.8 |
13.7 |
10.4 |
13.2 |
4.4 |
0.7 |
11.9 |
5.3 |
8.6 |
20.9 |
3.2 |
12.1 |
30.1 |
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高等教育部门 |
8.1 |
12.9 |
11.6 |
26.5 |
19.7 |
16.2 |
25.1 |
34.9 |
32.6 |
21.3 |
24.2 |
43.8 |
23.8 |
21.2 |
16.8 |
26.2 |
11.1 |
6.7 |
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私人非营利部门 |
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3.9 |
1.6 |
2.4 |
1.2 |
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2.8 |
0.6 |
3.3 |
0.2 |
1.6 |
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0.3 |
1.3 |
0.4 |
0.5 |
1.4 |
0.3 |
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3.按研究类型分(％) |
(2009) |
(2008) |
(2005) |
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(2005) |
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(2004) |
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(2005) |
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(2004) |
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(2002) |
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(2006) |
(2005) |
(2006) |
(2003) |
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基础研究 |
4.7 |
17.3 |
12.7 |
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23.7 |
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23.2 |
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27.7 |
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28.7 |
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17.8 |
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29.3 |
18.7 |
15.2 |
15.1 |
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应用研究 |
12.6 |
22.4 |
22.2 |
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39.0 |
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38.1 |
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44.4 |
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33.3 |
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37.6 |
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24.1 |
28.1 |
19.9 |
15.6 |
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试验发展 |
82.7 |
60.3 |
65.2 |
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37.3 |
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38.7 |
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27.9 |
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38.0 |
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44.6 |
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46.6 |
53.2 |
65.0 |
69.4 |
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