Bulletin on the National Summer Grain Output in 2025

According to the survey conducted across 25 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) engaged in summer grain production nationwide, the sown area, yield per unit area and total output of summer grain in China for 2025 are as follows:

I. The total sown area of summer grain nationwide recorded 26,578.4 thousand hectares (398.676 million mu), a decrease of 34.7 thousand hectares (520,000 mu) or 0.1 percent compared to 2024. Among them, the sown area of wheat came in at 23,073.3 thousand hectares (346.1 million mu), a decrease of 17.4 thousand hectares (261,000 mu) or 0.1 percent compared to 2024.

II. The yield per unit area of summer grain nationwide recorded 5,633.8 kilograms per hectare (375.6 kilograms per mu), an increase of 1.6 kilograms per hectare (0.1 kilograms per mu) compared to 2024, maintaining a stable trend. Among them, the yield per unit area of wheat came in at 5,987.9 kilograms per hectare (399.2 kilograms per mu), a decrease of 2.7 kilograms per hectare (0.2 kilograms per mu) compared to 2024, maintaining a stable trend.

III. The total output of summer grain nationwide recorded 149.738 million tons (299.48 billion jin), a decrease of 153,000 tons (310 million jin) or 0.1 percent compared to 2024. Among them, the total output of wheat came in at 138.16 million tons (276.32 billion jin), a decrease of 167,000 tons (330 million jin) or 0.1 percent compared to 2024.

National Bureau of Statistics of China

July 10, 2025

Output of Summer Grain by Region in 2025

Explanation of the Yield Survey of Summer Grain

The yield data of summer grain released by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) of China were derived from a sample survey treating a province as a population and conducted by main summer grain producing areas and a key-point survey focusing on non-main producing areas.

(I) Statistical Caliber

Summer grain include grains, beans and tubers harvested in summer. Among them, the grains harvested in summer mainly include wheat, barley, oat, buckwheat, etc.; beans harvested in summer mainly comprise broad beans, peas, etc.; and tubers harvested in summer mainly encompass potatoes and sweet potatoes.

(II) Scope of Survey

The summer grain output data of 16 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), including Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiang, were obtained through sampling surveys and crop-cutting surveys organized by the respective survey teams of the NBS in over 400 selected national survey counties (cities).

The yield data of summer grain from 9 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) including Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Chongqing were estimated according to key-point surveys by relevant survey teams.

(III) Survey Sample

The sample survey for the yield of summer grain is composed of a sample survey for the sown area and a sample survey for the yield per unit area.

The sample survey for the sown area of summer grain was performed in national survey counties (cities). Nearly 4,000 sample villages were selected across China in total and 3 quadrat plots of about 60 mu were sampled for each sample village. In the survey season, all natural plots in and covered by quadrat plots were investigated and all relevant provincial-level survey teams estimated the provincial sown area of summer grain based on the basic survey data.

The sample survey for the yield per unit area of summer grain was performed in sampled survey plots of national survey counties (cities). Nearly 2,000 sample points and more than 8,000 sample plots were selected across China in total. In each plot, 3-5 quadrats of 10 square feet were selected as required.Through crop-cutting and field measurement of wheat within these quadrats, the provincial average yield per unit area were calculated.

(IV) Methods for Yield Estimation

The crop-cutting survey of wheat yield refers to a process where grass-root surveyors, before the wheat harvest, conduct plot-by-plot field assessments and yield estimations in accordance with the Statistical Reporting System for Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry, and Fishery. They categorize the wheat plots, select a certain number of sample plots for marking, and then, during the harvest period, county-level survey teams or assistant surveyors conduct samples lay-out, physically harvest the crop samples from the selected plots, and measure the plot-level yield per unit area through threshing, drying, moisture and impurity testing, and weighing. The provincial survey teams then extrapolate the provincial average yield per unit area based on data from the sampled plots.

The yield of summer grain is obtained by multiplying the sown area and the yield per unit area in the sample survey.

(V) Others

Due to the late maturity of spring wheat in some regions of Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiang, the summer grain data of areas mentioned above are based on preliminary estimates.