Communiqué on the Fifth National Economic Census (No. 2)
Communiqué on the Fifth National Economic Census (No. 2)
——Basic Information of the Units
National Bureau of Statistics of China
Office of the Leading Group of the State Council
for the Fifth National Economic Census
December 26 , 2024
Based on the results of the fifth national economic census, the data of situation, persons employed, assets and liabilities, and business revenue of units in the secondary and tertiary industries are released as follows:
I. Situation of the Units
By the end of 2023, there were 33.270 million legal entities in the secondary and tertiary industries, an increase of 11.481 million compared with that at the end of 2018, or up by 52.7 percent; 36.360 million establishments[1], an increase of 11.810 million or up by 48.1 percent; and 87.995 million self-employed units, an increase of 25.036 million or up by 39.8 percent (Table 2-1).
Table 2-1 Number of Units and Self-employed
|
Number of Units (10,000) |
Proportion (%) |
1. Legal Entities |
3327.0 |
100.0 |
Corporate Enterprises |
2980.5 |
89.6 |
Government Departments and Institutions |
97.2 |
2.9 |
Social Organizations |
28.7 |
0.9 |
Others |
220.6 |
6.6 |
2. Establishments |
3636.0 |
100.0 |
Secondary Industry |
724.1 |
19.9 |
Tertiary Industry |
2911.9 |
80.1 |
3. Self-employed Units |
8799.5 |
100.0 |
Secondary Industry |
887.5 |
10.1 |
Tertiary Industry |
7912.0 |
89.9 |
The top three sectors in terms of number of legal entities in the secondary and tertiary industries were: wholesale and retail with 10.197 million entities, or 30.6 percent of the total; leasing and business services, 4.609 million entities or 13.8 percent; and manufacturing, 4.049 million entities, or 12.2 percent. Among self-employed units, the top three sectors were: wholesale and retail, 44.791 million, taking up 50.9 percent; hotels and catering services, 10.922 million, taking up 12.4 percent; and transport, storage and post, 8.169 million, taking up 9.3 percent (Table 2-2).
Table 2-2 Number of Legal Entities and Self-employed Units by Sector
|
Legal Entities |
Self-employed Units | ||
Number of Units (10,000) |
Proportion (%) |
Number of Units (10,000) |
Proportion (%) | |
Total |
3327.0 |
100.0 |
8799.5 |
100.0 |
Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery* |
27.2 |
0.8 |
98.3 |
1.1 |
Mining |
5.2 |
0.2 |
1.7 |
0.02 |
Manufacturing |
404.9 |
12.2 |
512.3 |
5.8 |
Production and Supply of Electricity, Heat Power, Gas and Water |
13.6 |
0.4 |
18.4 |
0.2 |
Construction |
272.2 |
8.2 |
373.4 |
4.3 |
Wholesale and Retail |
1019.7 |
30.6 |
4479.1 |
50.9 |
Transport, Storage and Post |
93.9 |
2.8 |
816.9 |
9.3 |
Hotels and Catering Services |
71.2 |
2.1 |
1092.2 |
12.4 |
Information Transmission, Software and Information Technology Services |
169.6 |
5.1 |
83.3 |
1.0 |
Finance |
10.8 |
0.3 |
- |
- |
Real Estate |
104.2 |
3.1 |
35.7 |
0.4 |
Leasing and Business Services |
460.9 |
13.8 |
250.4 |
2.9 |
Scientific Research and Technical Services |
211.8 |
6.4 |
46.6 |
0.5 |
Management of Water Conservancy, Environment and Public Facilities |
22.3 |
0.7 |
14.8 |
0.2 |
Household Services, Repair and Other Services |
90.2 |
2.7 |
774.9 |
8.8 |
Education |
81.8 |
2.5 |
28.5 |
0.3 |
Health and Social Services |
33.7 |
1.0 |
56.1 |
0.6 |
Culture, Sports and Entertainment |
81.7 |
2.5 |
116.9 |
1.3 |
Public Management, Social Security and Social Organization |
152.1 |
4.6 |
- |
- |
Note: Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in the table only includes legal entities and self-employed units that undertake specialized and supporting activities to agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, and legal entities in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery that are engaged concurrently in the secondary and tertiary industries. Real estate sector in the table includes real estate development and operation, property management, real estate intermediary services, real estate rental and leasing operation and others. |
II. Employed Persons
By the end of 2023, there were 428.984 million persons employed by legal entities in the secondary and tertiary industries, an increase of 45.748 million compared with that at the end of 2018, or up by 11.9 percent; of the total, 170.474 million were female employees. There were 164.295 million persons in the secondary industry, a drop of 8.263 million or down by 4.8 percent. There were 264.689 million persons in the tertiary industry, an increase of 54.012 million or up by 25.6 percent. About 179.564 million persons were employed by self-employed units, of whom, the number of female employees was 84.200 million.
Among the legal entities in the secondary and tertiary industries, the top three sectors in terms of employed persons were manufacturing, taking up 24.4 percent with 104.815 million employees; wholesale and retail, taking up 12.4 percent with 53.258 million employees; and construction, taking up 11.9 percent with 51.172 million employees. Among the self-employed units, the top three sectors in terms of employed persons were wholesale and retail, taking up 45.8 percent with 82.241 million employees; hotels and catering services, taking up 14.2 percent with 25.410 million employees; and manufacturing, taking up 10.2 percent with 18.361 million employees (Table 2-3).
Table 2-3 Number of Employed Persons of Legal Entities and
Self-employed Units by Sector
|
Employed Persons of Legal Entities (10,000) |
|
Employed Persons of Self-employed Units (10,000) |
|
Of whom: Females |
Of whom: Females | |||
Total |
42898.4 |
17047.4 |
17956.4 |
8420.0 |
Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery* |
133.5 |
45.9 |
207.7 |
72.1 |
Mining |
469.8 |
73.2 |
6.8 |
0.9 |
Manufacturing |
10481.5 |
3959.0 |
1836.1 |
884.1 |
Production and Supply of Electricity, Heat Power, Gas and Water |
478.2 |
124.8 |
29.6 |
6.5 |
Construction |
5117.2 |
990.1 |
961.8 |
194.7 |
Wholesale and Retail |
5325.8 |
2373.3 |
8224.1 |
4186.0 |
Transport, Storage and Post |
1582.7 |
420.2 |
1272.7 |
256.4 |
Hotels and Catering Services |
894.2 |
506.4 |
2541.0 |
1412.2 |
Information Transmission, Software and Information Technology Services |
1517.9 |
586.9 |
154.2 |
70.6 |
Finance |
1248.4 |
691.8 |
- |
- |
Real Estate |
1443.5 |
637.3 |
76.4 |
36.3 |
Leasing and Business Services |
3906.6 |
1463.1 |
501.6 |
181.8 |
Scientific Research and Technical Services |
1700.3 |
609.2 |
111.7 |
41.2 |
Management of Water Conservancy, Environment and Public Facilities |
485.5 |
200.5 |
52.0 |
23.0 |
Household Services, Repair and Other Services |
673.6 |
340.8 |
1497.4 |
787.6 |
Education |
2677.0 |
1779.9 |
77.1 |
49.5 |
Health and Social Services |
1461.9 |
1003.1 |
132.8 |
72.5 |
Culture, Sports and Entertainment |
519.5 |
247.4 |
273.4 |
144.6 |
Public Management, Social Security and Social Organization |
2781.1 |
994.3 |
- |
- |
Note: Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in the table only includes employed persons of legal entities and self-employed units that undertake specialized and supporting activities to agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. Real estate sector in the table includes real estate development and operation, property management, real estate intermediary services, real estate rental and leasing operation and others. |
III. Assets, Liabilities and Business Revenue
By the end of 2023, the total assets of legal entities engaged in the secondary and tertiary industries were 1439.1 trillion yuan, an increase of 524.9 trillion yuan compared with that at the end of 2018, or up by 57.4 percent. Specifically, the total assets of legal entities engaged in the secondary industry were 252.1 trillion yuan, an increase of 78.4 trillion yuan or up by 45.1 percent; the total assets of legal entities engaged in the tertiary industry were 1187.0 trillion yuan, an increase of 446.5 trillion yuan or up by 60.3 percent.
By the end of 2023, the total liabilities of legal entities engaged in the secondary and tertiary industries were 975.4 trillion yuan, an increase of 351.4 trillion yuan compared with that at the end of 2018, or up by 56.3 percent. Specifically, the total liabilities of legal entities engaged in the secondary industry were 150.2 trillion yuan, an increase of 49.7 trillion yuan or up by 49.5 percent; the total liabilities of legal entities engaged in the tertiary industry were 825.2 trillion yuan, an increase of 301.7 trillion yuan or up by 57.6 percent.
In 2023, the business revenue of corporate enterprises engaged in the secondary and tertiary industries was 442.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 148.0 trillion yuan compared with that at the end of 2018, or up by 50.2 percent. Specifically, the business revenue of corporate enterprises engaged in the secondary industry was 188.8 trillion yuan, an increase of 45.0 trillion yuan or up by 31.3 percent; business revenue of corporate enterprises engaged in the tertiary industry was 253.8 trillion yuan, an increase of 103.0 trillion yuan or up by 68.3 percent (Table 2-4).
Table 2-4 Main economic indicators by Sector
|
Total Assets of Legal Entities (trillion yuan) |
Total Liabilities of Legal Entities (trillion yuan) |
Business Revenue of Corporate Enterprises (trillion yuan) |
Total |
1439.1 |
975.4 |
442.6 |
Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery* |
1.0 |
0.4 |
0.6 |
Mining |
15.5 |
9.1 |
6.6 |
Manufacturing |
151.0 |
84.5 |
132.9 |
Production and Supply of Electricity, Heat Power, Gas and Water |
34.5 |
20.6 |
12.9 |
Construction |
52.3 |
36.7 |
37.1 |
Wholesale and Retail |
93.0 |
64.1 |
153.8 |
Transport, Storage and Post |
62.2 |
35.3 |
13.5 |
Hotels and Catering Services |
3.7 |
2.8 |
2.2 |
Information Transmission, Software and Information Technology Services |
30.1 |
15.8 |
15.2 |
Finance |
505.9 |
433.9 |
17.3 |
Real Estate |
169.5 |
125.6 |
19.3 |
Leasing and Business Services |
186.7 |
96.2 |
16.1 |
Scientific Research and Technical Services |
29.7 |
15.5 |
8.6 |
Management of Water Conservancy, Environment and Public Facilities |
29.8 |
15.7 |
1.4 |
Household Services, Repair and Other Services |
1.9 |
1.1 |
1.4 |
Education |
11.8 |
2.8 |
0.9 |
Health and Social Services |
8.7 |
3.9 |
1.1 |
Culture, Sports and Entertainment |
6.2 |
3.2 |
1.7 |
Public Management, Social Security and Social Organization |
45.6 |
8.2 |
- |
Note: Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in the table only includes units that undertake specialized and supporting activities to agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. The corporate enterprises in the table include the legal entities registered as enterprises, as well as institutions, private non-enterprise legal entities and foundations that follow the Accounting System for Business Enterprises, specialized farmer cooperatives, rural collective economic organizations and legal entities that are categorized as other organizations excluding places for religious activities. Real estate sector in the table includes real estate development and operation, property management, real estate intermediary services, real estate rental and leasing operation and others. |
Note:
[1] An establishment is an integral part of a legal entity. An legal entity comprised of only one establishment is called single establishment legal entity and the legal entity itself is also an establishment; a legal entity comprised of two or more establishments is called multi-establishment legal entity. Establishments in this Communiqué include single establishment legal entity and establishments under multi-establishment legal entities.
Notes:
[1] Classification of Industries
Primary industry refers to agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery (excluding specialized and supporting activities to the above businesses);
Secondary industry refers to mining (excluding specialized and supporting mining activities), manufacturing (excluding repair of metal products, machinery and equipment), production and supply of electricity, heat power, gas and water, and construction;
Tertiary industry, or service industry, refers to lines of businesses other than the primary and secondary industries. It includes wholesale and retail, transport, storage and post, hotels and catering, information transmission, software and information technology services, finance, real estate, leasing and business services, scientific research and technical services, management of water conservancy, environment and public facilities, household service, repair and other services, education, health and social services, culture, sports and entertainment, public management, social security and social organization, international organization, specialized and supporting activities to agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, specialized and supporting activities to mining and repair of metal products, machinery and equipment.
[2] Classification of units
Legal entities refer to organizations that are entitled to hold assets, assume liabilities and undertake social and economic activities (or trade with other units) independently. Legal entities shall meet simultaneously the following criteria:
(1) established by law, have its own name, organizational structure and locations, and capable of independently assuming debts and other civil obligations;
(2) with independent ownership of (or authorized with rights to use) assets, with authority to sign contracts with other units;
(3) capable of compiling balance sheets and other accounting statements as independent accounting units.
Legal entities include corporate enterprises, institutions, government departments, social organizations and others.
Establishments refer to units or part of units that are engaged or predominantly engaged in one kind of social or economic activities at a fixed location. Establishment shall meet simultaneously the following criteria:
(1) engaged or mainly engaged in one kind of social or economic activities at a fixed location;
(2) organizing its production or business operation independently;
(3) with accounting data on its revenue and expenses.
[3] The errors of the total numbers and some results in the tables caused by the rounding-off of decimals are not mechanically adjusted. To ensure data accuracy, some data are rounded to two decimal places.
(In case of any difference between English translation and the original Chinese text, the Chinese edition shall prevail.)