Communiqué on the Fifth National Economic Census (No. 6)
Communiqué on the Fifth National Economic Census (No. 6)
——Development of Certain Emerging Industries
National Bureau of Statistics of China
Office of the Leading Group of the State Council for the
Fifth National Economic Census
December 26, 2024
Based on the results of the Fifth National Economic Census, the major data of certain emerging industries of the secondary and tertiary industries, including strategic emerging industries, high-technology industries and core industries of digital economy, are released as the following:
I. Strategic Emerging Industries
1. Industrial Strategic Emerging Industries
At the end of 2023, there were 96.0 thousand industrial corporate enterprises[1] above the designated size engaged in the strategic emerging industries[2], accounting for 19.5 percent of all industrial corporate enterprises above the designated size. Of this total, there were 15.0 thousand engaged in new generation of information technology industries, taking up 15.6 percent of corporate enterprises in the industrial strategic emerging industries; 14.5 thousand engaged in high-end equipment manufacturing, taking up 15.1 percent; 20.4 thousand engaged in new material industries, taking up 21.3 percent; 14.9 thousand engaged in bio-tech industries, taking up 15.5 percent; 3.2 thousand engaged in new-energy vehicle industries, taking up 3.3 percent; 11.7 thousand engaged in new energy industries, taking up 12.2 percent; 16.3 thousand engaged in green and environmental protection industries, taking up 17.0 percent; 1.2 thousand engaged in aviation and aerospace industries, taking up 1.3 percent and 0.2 thousand engaged in marine equipment industries, taking up 0.2 percent.
2. Strategic Emerging Industries in Service Sector
At the end of 2023, there were 62 thousand service corporate enterprises above the designated size engaged in the strategic emerging industries, accounting for 24.5 percent of all service corporate enterprises above the designated size. Of this total, there were 25 thousand engaged in new generation of information technology industries, taking up 40.7 percent of corporate enterprises in the strategic emerging industries of the service sector; and 16 thousand engaged in digital creative industries, taking up 26.5 percent.
II. High-Technology Industries
1. High-Technology Manufacturing
At the end of 2023, there were 53 thousand high-technology manufacturing corporate enterprises above the designated size, an increase of 57.4 percent compared with that at the end of 2018, accounting for 11.5 percent of the manufacturing corporate enterprises above the designated size, an increase of 2.0 percentage points compared with that at the end of 2018.
In 2023, the annual business revenue of the corporate enterprises above the designated size engaged in high-technology manufacturing reached 22,469.34 billion yuan, an increase of 43.1 percent as compared with that of 2018, accounting for 19.1 percent of the business revenue of manufacturing corporate enterprises above the designated size, an increase of 2.4 percentage points compared with that in 2018.
In 2023, the R&D (research and experimental development) expenditure by the high-technology manufacturing corporate enterprises above the designated size was 696.02 billion yuan, an increase of 95.6 percent compared with that in 2018, accounting for 34.6 percent of that by manufacturing corporate enterprises above the designated size, an increase of 6.2 percentage points over that in 2018. The ratio of R&D expenditure to business revenue was 3.10 percent, 1.39 percentage points higher than the average of manufacturing corporate enterprises above the designated size.
In 2023, there were 445 thousand patent applications filed by high-technology manufacturing corporate enterprises above the designated size, among which 238 thousand were invention patents, an increase of 67.9 percent and 72.5 percent respectively over those in 2018. The invention patent applications took up 53.5 percent, 15.6 percentage points higher than the average of manufacturing corporate enterprises above the designated size.
2. High-Technology Services
At the end of 2023, there were 65 thousand high-technology service corporate enterprises above the designated size, accounting for 25.7 percent of the service corporate enterprises above the designated size, among which, 30 thousand were engaged in information services, accounting for 46.2 percent of the high-technology service corporate enterprises above the designated size; 15 thousand were engaged in high-technology services of the professional technology services, accounting for 23.2 percent of the high-technology service corporate enterprises above the designated size.
In 2023, the annual business revenue of the corporate enterprises engaged in high-technology services above the designated size reached 15,719.56 billion yuan, accounting for 42.2 percent of the business revenue of the service corporate enterprises above the designated size.
III. Core Industries of Digital Economy
At the end of 2023, there were 2.916 million corporate enterprises engaged in the core industries of digital economy, with 36.159 million persons employed. The business revenue of the year reached 48,448.50 billion yuan.
Among the corporate enterprises engaged in the core industries of digital economy, 262 thousand were engaged in digital products manufacturing, accounting for 9.0 percent; 274 thousand were engaged in digital product services, accounting for 9.4 percent; 1.430 million were engaged in digital technology application, accounting for 49.0 percent and 950 thousand were engaged in industries driven by digital factors, accounting for 32.6 percent.
Among the persons employed by the corporate enterprises engaged in the core industries of digital economy, 13.372 million persons were employed in digital products manufacturing, accounting for 37.0 percent; 1.519 million persons were employed in digital product services, accounting for 4.2 percent; 14.609 million persons were employed in digital technology application, accounting for 40.4 percent and 6.659 million persons were employed in industries driven by digital factors, accounting for 18.4 percent.
Among the business revenue of the corporate enterprises engaged in the core industries of digital economy, that of digital product manufacturing reached 20,479.45 billion yuan, accounting for 42.3 percent; that of digital product services reached 4,183.68 billion yuan, accounting for 8.6 percent; that of digital technology application reached 14,042.24 billion yuan, accounting for 29.0 percent and that of industries driven by digital factors reached 9,743.13 billion yuan, accounting for 20.1 percent.
IV. Research and Experimental Development of Industrial Enterprises
There were 151 thousand industrial corporate enterprises above the designated size engaged in R&D activities in 2023, an increase of 44.3 percent compared with that in 2018, accounting for 30.7 percent of all industrial corporate enterprises above the designated size.
In 2023, the full-time equivalent of R&D personnel in industrial corporate enterprises above the designated size was 4.817 million person-years, an increase of 61.6 percent compared with that in 2018.
In 2023, the industrial corporate enterprises above the designated size invested 2,096.99 billion yuan in R&D, an increase of 61.9 percent compared with that in 2018. The ratio of R&D expenditure to business revenue was 1.54 percent. See Table 6-1 for R&D expenditure and ratio of R&D expenditure to business revenue of industrial corporate enterprises above the designated size by division for details.
In 2023, there were 1.566 million patent applications filed by industrial corporate enterprises above the designated size, among which 614 thousand were invention patents, up by 63.6 percent and 65.1 percent respectively compared with those in 2018. The share of invention patent applications was 39.2 percent, 0.4 percentage points higher than that in 2018.
Table 6-1 R&D Expenditure and Ratio of R&D Expenditure to Business Revenue of Industrial Corporate Enterprises above the Designated Size by Division
|
R&D Expenditure (100 million yuan) |
Ratio of R&D Expenditure to Business Revenue(%) |
Total |
20969.9 |
1.54 |
Mining |
518.5 |
0.83 |
Mining and Washing of Coal |
220.6 |
0.62 |
Extraction of Petroleum and Natural Gas |
137.6 |
1.17 |
Mining and Processing of Ferrous Metal Ores |
45.1 |
0.93 |
Mining and Processing of Non-ferrous Ores |
38.6 |
1.10 |
Mining and Processing of Nonmetal Ores |
29.4 |
0.78 |
Specialized and Supporting Mining Activities |
47.1 |
1.63 |
Other Mining |
0.1 |
0.54 |
Manufacturing |
20107.9 |
1.71 |
Processing of Food from Agricultural Products |
316.6 |
0.58 |
Manufacture of Foods |
186.8 |
0.88 |
Manufacture of Alcohol, Beverage and Refined Tea |
87.2 |
0.57 |
Manufacture of Tobacco |
36.4 |
0.27 |
Manufacture of Textile |
281.3 |
1.22 |
Manufacture of Textile Wearing Apparel and Accessories |
101.6 |
0.85 |
Manufacture of Leather, Fur, Feather and Related Products and Footwear |
104.4 |
1.28 |
Processing of Timber, Manufacture of Wood, Bamboo, Rattan, Palm and Straw Products |
85.0 |
0.94 |
Manufacture of Furniture |
94.8 |
1.40 |
Manufacture of Paper and Paper Products |
179.3 |
1.27 |
Printing and Reproduction of Record Media |
93.0 |
1.46 |
Manufacture of Articles for Culture, Education, Arts, Crafts, Sports and Entertainment |
120.8 |
0.99 |
Processing of Petroleum, Coal and Other Fuels |
191.4 |
0.31 |
Manufacture of Raw Chemical Materials and Chemical Products |
1216.3 |
1.39 |
Manufacture of Medicines |
1096.3 |
4.38 |
Manufacture of Chemical Fibers |
172.2 |
1.56 |
Manufacture of Rubber and Plastic Products |
533.3 |
1.85 |
Manufacture of Non-metallic Mineral Products |
724.0 |
1.27 |
Smelting and Pressing of Ferrous Metals |
967.9 |
1.13 |
Smelting and Pressing of Non-ferrous metals |
642.4 |
0.84 |
Manufacture of Metal Products |
723.2 |
1.57 |
Manufacture of General Purpose Machinery |
1218.9 |
2.52 |
Manufacture of Special Purpose Machinery |
1164.2 |
3.11 |
Manufacture of Automobile |
1802.2 |
1.77 |
Manufacture of Railway, Ships, Aerospace and Other Transportation Equipment |
623.1 |
2.92 |
Manufacture of Electrical Machinery and Equipment |
2377.4 |
2.15 |
Manufacture of Computer, Communication Equipment and Other Electronic Equipment |
4392.8 |
2.88 |
Manufacture of Measuring Instrument and Machinery |
357.5 |
3.41 |
Other Manufacturing |
103.5 |
3.59 |
Comprehensive Utilization of Waste |
88.6 |
0.73 |
Repairing of Metallic Products, Machinery and Equipment |
25.6 |
1.07 |
Production and Supply of Electricity, Heat Power, Gas and Water |
343.5 |
0.28 |
Production and Supply of Electricity and Heat Power |
267.5 |
0.27 |
Production and Supply of Gas |
43.6 |
0.23 |
Production and Supply of Water |
32.4 |
0.68 |
V. Culture and Related Industries
At the end of 2023, there were 3.079 million legal entities engaged in culture and related industries in total, with 22.377 million persons employed, up by 46.4 percent and 8.8 percent respectively compared with those at the end of 2018; the total assets reached 32,771.12 billion yuan , up by 45.1 percent over that at the end of 2018.
At the end of 2023, there were 2.934 million for-profit legal entities engaged in culture industries in total, with 21.099 million persons employed, up by 50.6 percent and 10.3 percent respectively compared with those at the end of 2018; the total assets reached 31,633.00 billion yuan, up by 47.7 percent compared with that at the end of 2018; and the business revenue of the year totaled 17,873.81 billion yuan, an increase of 37.3 percent over that of 2018.
At the end of 2023, there were 145 thousand non-profit institutions (including social organizations) engaged in culture industries in total, with 1.278 million persons employed, down by 6.5 percent and 11.1 percent respectively compared with those at the end of 2018; the total assets reached 1,138.12 billion yuan, down by 1.9 percent compared with that at the end of 2018; the expenditure of the year totaled 409.30 billion yuan, up by 5.6 percent compared with that of 2018.
Notes:
[1] Corporate enterprises in the Communiqué include the legal entities registered as enterprises, as well as institutions, private non-enterprise legal entities and foundations that follow the Accounting System for Business Enterprises, specialized farmer cooperatives, rural collective economic organizations and legal entities that are categorized as other organizations excluding places for religious activities.
[2] Some enterprises are engaged in the production activities of more than one industrial strategic emerging industries, so the sum of the corporate enterprises engaged in the nine major areas of the industrial strategic emerging industries is larger than the number of industrial corporate enterprises above the designated size engaged in the production activities of the strategic emerging industries.
Notes:
[1] Strategic emerging industry is defined according to the Decision by the State Council on Accelerating the Cultivation and Development of Strategic Emerging Industries [State Council (2010) 32] as well as the Classification of Strategic Emerging Industries (2018) and the Classification Directory of Industrial Strategic Emerging Industries (2023) developed by the National Bureau of Statistics. Strategic emerging industries refer to industries featuring intensive knowledge and technology, low consumption of material resources, huge growth potential and good comprehensive benefits, based on major technology breakthroughs and development requirements, which play an important leading role in the overall and long-term development of economy and society. Strategic emerging industries include new generation of information technology industries, high-end equipment manufacturing industries, new materials industries, bio-tech industries, new energy vehicles industries, new energy industries, green and environmental protection industries, aviation and aerospace industries, marine equipment industries, digital creative industries and related services.
[2] Industrial enterprise above the designated size refer to industrial legal entities with an annual revenue of 20 million yuan or above from principal business.
[3] High technology manufacturing industry refers to manufacturing with relatively high R&D input intensity of the economic activities according to the Classification of High Technology Industries (Manufacturing) (2017). It includes six divisions of manufacture of medicine, manufacture of aerospace vehicle and equipment, manufacture of electronic and communication equipment, manufacture of computer and office equipment, manufacture of medical equipment and measuring instrument and equipment, and manufacture of optical and photographic chemicals.
[4] Service enterprises above the designated size refer to legal entities with an annual business revenue of 20 million yuan and above, including three sections of transport, storage and post, information transmission, software and information technology services, management of water conservancy and environment and public facilities as well as the division of health; legal entities of service industries with an annual business revenue of 10 million yuan and above, including three sections of leasing and business services, scientific research and technical services and education as well as four classes of property management, real estate intermediary services, real estate rental and leasing operation and other real estate services; legal entities of service industries with an annual business revenue of 5 million yuan and above, including two sections of household services, repair and other services and culture, sports and entertainment as well as the division of social services.
[5] High technology services refer to the collection of activities using high technologies to provide services to society according to the Classification of High Technology Industries (Services) (2018). It includes nine divisions of information services, e-commerce services, testing and inspection services, high technology of professional technology services, research, development and design services, services for transformation of scientific and technological achievements, intellectual property rights and related legal services, environment monitoring and governance services and other high technology services.
[6] Digital economy includes, according to the Statistical Classification of Digital Economy and Its Core Industries (2021), 01 digital products manufacturing, 02 digital products services, 03 digital technology application, 04 industries driven by digital factors, and 05 digital efficiency improvement industries. Specifically, the divisions of 01 to 04 are the core industries of the digital economy, which refer to all kinds of economic activities that provide digital technologies, products, services, infrastructures and solutions to the digital development of industries as well as activities that completely rely on digital technology and digital factors.
[7] Research and experimental development refers to creative work undertaken on a systematic basis to increase the stock of knowledge (including knowledge of mankind, culture and society) and devise new application based on that knowledge. It encompasses three types of activities: basic research, applied research and experimental development.
[8] Culture and related industries refer to the collection of production activities which provide cultural and culture-related products to the public in accordance with the Classification of Culture and Related Industries (2018). Culture and related industries include: first, activities to create, produce, disseminate and display cultural products (including goods and services) to meet the spiritual needs of the people, with culture as its core, including news and information service, content creation and production, creative designing service, culture communication channels, cultural investment and operation and cultural entertainment and leisure service; second, activities necessary for cultural products production, such as auxiliary cultural production and intermediary services, cultural equipment production and the production for cultural end-use consumption (including manufacture and sale).
[9] No mechanical adjustment is made for the round-off errors in aggregate totals or part of the calculations in the tables. To ensure data accuracy, 2 decimal places are kept for certain figures.
(In case of any difference between English translation and the original Chinese text, the Chinese edition shall prevail.)