Bulletin on the National Grain Production in 2024
National Bureau of Statistics of China
December 13, 2024
Based on the results of a nationwide survey conducted across all 31 provinces (autonomous regions, and municipalities) in China, the total grain sown area, yield per unit area, and total grain production in 2024 are reported as follows:
I. China's grain sown area stood at 119,319 thousand hectares (1,789.79 million mu), an increase of 351 thousand hectares (5.26 million mu) or 0.3 percent compared with that in 2023. Among them, the sown area of cereals [1] was 100,458 thousand hectares (1,506.87 million mu), an increase of 532 thousand hectares (7.97 million mu) or 0.5 percent compared with that in 2023.
II. China's grain yield per unit area came in at 5,921 kg / ha (395 kg / mu), an increase of 75.8 kg / ha (5.1 kg / mu) or 1.3 percent compared with that in 2023. Among them, the yield per unit area of cereals was 6,493 kg / ha (433 kg / mu), an increase of 74.1 kg / ha (4.9 kg / mu) or 1.2 percent compared with that in 2023.
III. China's total grain production amounted to 706.50 million tons (1,413.0 billion jin), an increase of 11.09 million tons (22.2 billion jin) or 1.6 percent compared with that in 2023. Among them, cereal production was 652.29 million tons (1,304.6 billion jin), an increase of 10.86 million tons (21.7 billion jin) or 1.7 percent compared with that in 2023.
Note: [1] Cereal primarily includes rice, wheat, corn, millet, sorghum, barley, oats, buckwheat, etc.
Total Grain Sown Area, Total Grain Production and Yield per Unit Area in 2024
|
|
Sown Areas (1,000 hectares) |
Total Production (10,000 tons) |
Yield per Unit Area (kg/ha) |
|
Annual Total Production of Grain |
119319.1 |
70649.9 |
5921.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grouped by Seasons |
|
|
|
|
Summer Grains |
26613.1 |
14989.0 |
5632.2 |
|
Early Rice |
4754.8 |
2817.4 |
5925.4 |
|
Autumn Grains |
87951.2 |
52843.4 |
6008.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grouped by Grain Varieties |
|
|
|
|
Cereals |
100458.0 |
65228.7 |
6493.1 |
|
Of which: Rice |
29006.9 |
20753.5 |
7154.7 |
|
Wheat |
23587.4 |
14009.9 |
5939.6 |
|
Corn |
44740.7 |
29491.7 |
6591.7 |
|
Soybeans |
11822.0 |
2362.8 |
1998.6 |
|
Tubers |
7039.1 |
3058.4 |
4344.8 |
|
Note: 1. The national summer grain data has been revised based on the actual wheat yield from regions including Gansu, Ningxia, and Xinjiang. 2. Some of the data in this table may show slight discrepancies between the subentries and the annual totals due to rounding. | |||
National Grain Production in 2024
|
|
Sown Areas (1,000 hectares) |
Total Production (10,000 tons) |
Yield per Unit Area (kg/ha) |
|
National Total |
119319.1 |
70649.9 |
5921.1 |
|
Beijing |
94.2 |
57.6 |
6115.5 |
|
Tianjin |
399.1 |
270.6 |
6780.5 |
|
Hebei |
6460.1 |
3908.8 |
6050.6 |
|
Shanxi |
3151.6 |
1468.7 |
4660.0 |
|
Inner Mongolia |
7011.8 |
4100.5 |
5847.9 |
|
Liaoning |
3577.5 |
2500.3 |
6989.1 |
|
Jilin |
5853.8 |
4266.0 |
7287.5 |
|
Heilongjiang |
14754.0 |
8001.7 |
5423.4 |
|
Shanghai |
130.3 |
98.3 |
7542.6 |
|
Jiangsu |
5475.5 |
3810.1 |
6958.4 |
|
Zhejiang |
1047.0 |
650.2 |
6210.2 |
|
Anhui |
7344.9 |
4184.3 |
5696.9 |
|
Fujian |
844.4 |
514.4 |
6091.6 |
|
Jiangxi |
3774.6 |
2196.0 |
5818.0 |
|
Shandong |
8412.6 |
5710.2 |
6787.7 |
|
Henan |
10777.1 |
6719.4 |
6234.8 |
|
Hubei |
4722.6 |
2785.3 |
5897.9 |
|
Hunan |
4773.4 |
3078.1 |
6448.4 |
|
Guangdong |
2236.8 |
1313.4 |
5872.0 |
|
Guangxi |
2841.8 |
1403.8 |
4939.7 |
|
Hainan |
272.7 |
142.4 |
5222.1 |
|
Chongqing |
2031.9 |
1100.7 |
5417.2 |
|
Sichuan |
6405.9 |
3633.8 |
5672.6 |
|
Guizhou |
2771.4 |
1146.1 |
4135.5 |
|
Yunnan |
4246.8 |
1993.5 |
4694.0 |
|
Xizang |
199.4 |
112.9 |
5664.7 |
|
Shaanxi |
3031.9 |
1352.3 |
4460.2 |
|
Gansu |
2715.9 |
1296.1 |
4772.3 |
|
Qinghai |
305.9 |
118.3 |
3866.2 |
|
Ningxia |
694.2 |
385.9 |
5559.2 |
|
Xinjiang |
2960.0 |
2330.2 |
7872.4 |
|
Note: Some of the data in this table may show slight discrepancies between the provincial subentries and the national totals due to rounding. | |||
Explanation on Grain Production Survey
The national total grain production combined the total production of summer grains, early rice, and autumn grains production across 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities).
1. Survey Methods
The statistical survey of grain production adopts a combined approach, integrating the sampling survey of main varieties, typical survey of small varieties or comprehensive statistics. The main grain varieties in the sampling survey include rice, wheat and corn. The representative villages and plots were selected from the province as a whole to carry out the survey. The sampling survey of grain yield consists of the sampling survey of sown area and yield per unit area. The sown area survey uses remote sensing image and spatial sampling technology to select survey samples. At the survey time point, all crops in the sample plot are checked to calculate the sown area of main grain crops. The survey of yield per unit area was conducted using a direct harvesting for estimation method to estimate the yield per unit area for each major grain variety. The total production is obtained by multiplying the sown area and the yield per unit area.
2. Survey Sample
At present, the sampling survey of grain production with province as the whole is carried out in the counties (cities) under national investigation. There are more than 10,000 sample villages in China, and three sample plots with an area of about 60 mu are taken from each sample village. During the survey period, the investigators or assistant investigators of each grassroots survey team of the National Bureau of Statistics of China shall conduct the sampling survey on the sown area within designated sample plots, as well as on all surrounding natural lands covered by these plots. The provincial survey teams estimate the provincial grain sown area based on the survey data.
The sample survey of grain yield per unit area is carried out in the area survey plots selected by the national survey counties (cities). There are nearly 30,000 natural plots from more than 5,000 sample villages in China. In each natural plot, 3-5 ten square foot small quadrats are selected according to specified requirements. The average yield per unit area for each grain crop in the province is calculated through the direct harvesting of grain crops in the quadrat.
3. Methods for Yield Estimation
The survey of main varieties of grain yield per unit area is conducted using a direct harvesting for estimation method. In accordance with "Statistical Report System of Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishery ", before harvesting of varieties of grains, the grassroots investigators in the survey villages conduct field visits to estimate and rank the yield of designated crop plots based on the sown area survey samples. A certain number of sample plots are selected and marked for further evaluation. During the harvest period, investigators or assistant investigators at county level will demarcate the selected sample plots, harvest the samples, and then estimate the yield of per unit area of the selected plot by threshing, drying, measuring moisture and impurities, weighting, and assessing losses during harvesting and threshing. The survey teams at provincial level of NBS of China estimate the average yield per unit area of provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) according to yields of selected plots.