Households' Income and Consumption Expenditure in 2020

National Bureau of Statistics of China 2021-01-19 10:00 Print| Large| Medium| Small

I. Households' Income

In 2020, China's per capita disposable income reached 32,189 yuan, a nominal increase of 4.7 percent over the previous year, and a real increase of 2.1 percent after deducting price factors. Among them, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 43,834 yuan, an increase of 3.5 percent (if there is no special explanation below, it is the nominal growth rate on a year-on-year basis), with an actual increase of 1.2 percent after deducting the price factor; the per capita disposable income of rural residents was 17,131 yuan, an increase of 6.9 percent, with an actual increase of 3.8 percent after deducting the price factor.

In 2020, the median per capita disposable income of residents in China was 27,540 yuan, an increase of 3.8 percent, and the median was 85.6 percent of the average. Among them, the median per capita disposable income of urban residents was 40,378 yuan, an increase of 2.9 percent, which was 92.1 percent of the average; the median per capita disposable income of rural residents was 15,204 yuan, an increase of 5.7 percent, which was 88.7 percent of the average.

According to the source of income, in 2020, the per capita wage income of national residents was 17,917 yuan, an increase of 4.3 percent, accounting for 55.7 percent of the disposable income; the per capita net operating income was 5,307 yuan, an increase of 1.1 percent, accounting for 16.5 percent of the disposable income; the per capita net property income was 2,791 yuan, an increase of 6.6 percent, accounting for 8.7 percent of the disposable income; the per capita net transfer income was 6,173 yuan, an increase of 8.7 percent, accounting for 19.2 percent of the disposable income.

II. Consumption Expenditure of Households

In 2020, China's per capita consumption expenditure was 21,210 yuan, a nominal decrease of 1.6 percent over the previous year, and a real decrease of 4.0 percent after deducting price factors. Among them, the per capita consumption expenditure of urban residents was 27,007 yuan, a decrease of 3.8 percent, after deducting the price factor, the actual decrease was 6.0 percent; the per capita consumption expenditure of rural residents was 13,713 yuan, an increase of 2.9 percent, after deducting the price factor, the actual decrease was 0.1 percent.

In 2020, the per capita food, tobacco and alcohol consumption expenditure of national residents was 6,397 yuan, an increase of 5.1 percent, accounting for 30.2 percent of the per capita consumption expenditure; the per capita clothing consumption expenditure was 1,238 yuan, a decrease of 7.5 percent, accounting for 5.8 percent of the per capita consumption expenditure; the per capita residential consumption expenditure was 5,215 yuan, an increase of 3.2 percent, accounting for 24.6 percent of the per capita consumption expenditure; the per capita household goods and services consumption expenditure was 1,260 yuan, a decrease of 1.7 percent, accounting for 5.9 percent of per capita consumption expenditure; the per capita transportation and communication consumption expenditure was 2,762 yuan, down 3.5 percent, accounting for 13.0 percent of per capita consumption expenditure; per capita education, culture and entertainment consumption expenditure was 2,032 yuan, down 19.1 percent, accounting for 9.6 percent of per capita consumption expenditure; per capita health care consumption expenditure was 1,843 yuan, down 3.1 percent, accounting for 8.7 percent of per capita consumption expenditure; per capita other supplies and the expenditure on service consumption was 462 yuan, down 11.8 percent, accounting for 2.2 percent of the per capita consumption expenditure.

Table 1 Income and Expenditure Nationwide in 2020

Item

Absolute Value

( yuan)

Y/Y(%)

Total Per Capita Income Nationwide

32189

4.7（2.1）

　Grouped by Permanent Residence

Urban Households

43834

3.5（1.2）

Rural Households

17131

6.9（3.8）

　Grouped by Income Source

Income of Wages and Salaries

17917

4.3

Net Business Income

5307

1.1

Net Income from Property

2791

6.6

Net Income from Transfer

6173

8.7

Total Per Capita Income Nationwide Median

27540

3.8

　Grouped by Permanent Residence

Urban Households

40378

2.9

Rural Households

15204

5.7

Total Per Capita Expenditure Nationwide

21210

-1.6（-4.0）

　Grouped by Permanent Residence

Urban Households

27007

-3.8（-6.0）

Rural Households

13713

2.9（-0.1）

　Grouped by Consumption Category

Food, tobacco and liquor

6397

5.1

Clothing

1238

-7.5

Residence

5215

3.2

Household facilities, articles and services

1260

-1.7

Transportation and telecommunication

2762

-3.5

Education, culture and recreation

2032

-19.1

Health care and medical services

1843

-3.1

Miscellaneous goods and services

462

-11.8

Notes:

1. Per capita disposable income of households = per capita disposable income of urban households * proportion of urban population + per capita disposable income of rural households * proportion of rural population.

2. Nominal growth rate of per capita disposable income of households = (per capita disposable income of households in the current year / per capita disposable income of households in the previous year - 1) * 100%; actual growth rate of per capita disposable income of households = (per capita disposable income of households in the current year / per capita disposable income of households in the previous year / per capita consumer price index of households in the same period - 1) * 100%.

3. The per capita income and expenditure data of the whole country is based on the basic data of sampling survey of more than 100000 households, and weighted and summarized according to the number of households represented by each sample household. Influenced by urbanization, population migration and other factors, the composition of population in different periods has changed, which sometimes leads to the phenomenon that the growth rate of some income and Expenditure Projects of the whole country exceeds the growth range of corresponding income and Expenditure Projects of urban and rural households. It is mainly in the process of urbanization that some people with higher income in rural areas enter urban areas, but they belong to lower income groups in urban areas, and their migration has a pull down effect on part of the income and expenditure of urban and rural households; however, no matter in urban or rural areas, the growth effect will be reflected in the income and expenditure growth of all households.

4. In the growth column compared with the previous year, the data in brackets is the actual growth rate, while others are the nominal growth rate.

5. The average and median income are statistics reflecting the trend of households' income concentration. The average can not only directly reflect the overall situation, but also reflect the overall structure, which is convenient for the comparison of income levels of different groups, but also vulnerable to the influence of extreme data; the median reflects the situation of the object in the middle position, which is relatively stable and can avoid the influence of extreme data, but cannot reflect the structure.

Table 2: Income and Expenditure of Urban and Rural Households in 2020
Item	Absolute Value (yuan)	Nominal Increase Y/Y (%)

Total Per Capita Income of Urban Households	43834	3.5
Grouped by Income Source
Income of Wages and Salaries	26381	3.2
Net Business Income	4711	-2.7
Net Income from Property	4627	5.4
Net Income from Transfer	8116	7.3
Total Per Capita Expenditure of Urban Households	27007	-3.8
Grouped by Consumption Category
Food, tobacco and liquor	7881	1.9
Clothing	1645	-10.2
Residence	6958	2.6
Household facilities, articles and services	1640	-2.9
Transportation and telecommunication	3474	-5.4
Education, culture and recreation	2592	-22.1
Health care and medical services	2172	-4.8
Miscellaneous goods and services	646	-13.5
Total Per Capita Income of Rural Households	17131	6.9
Grouped by Income Source
Income of Wages and Salaries	6974	5.9
Net Business Income	6077	5.5
Net Income from Property	419	11.0
Net Income from Transfer	3661	11.0
Total Per Capita Expenditure of Rural Households	13713	2.9
Grouped by Consumption Category
Food, tobacco and liquor	4479	12.0
Clothing	713	-0.1
Residence	2962	3.2
Household facilities, articles and services	768	0.5
Transportation and telecommunication	1841	0.2
Education, culture and recreation	1309	-11.7
Health care and medical services	1418	-0.2
Miscellaneous goods and services	224	-7.1

Annotations:

1. Explanatory Notes

Disposable income of Households refers to the sum of final consumption expenditure and savings that residents can use, that is, the income that residents can use for free disposal, including both cash income and physical income. According to the source of income, disposable income includes wage and salary income, net business income, net property income and net transfer income.

Consumer spending refers to all the expenditures that residents use to meet their daily needs, including both cash and physical consumption. Consumer spending includes eight categories: food, tobacco and alcohol, clothing, housing, daily necessities and services, transportation and communication, education, culture and recreation, medical care and other supplies and services.

The median of the nationwide per capita disposable income of households refers to the per capita disposable income of households which lies in the middle of all surveyed households ranked from low to high on the basis of per capita disposable income level.

The quarterly income and expenditure data do not include the income and consumption of the self-produced and self-used parts of households, and the annual income and expenditure data includes.

2.Survey Methods

The national and sub urban and rural households' income and expenditure data comes from the household income and expenditure and living conditions survey organized and implemented by the National Bureau of Statistics, which is released quarterly.

Using stratified, multi-stage, probability sampling method proportional to the size of population, the National Bureau of Statistics randomly selected 160000 households in 1800 counties (cities, districts) of 31 provinces (regions, cities) as survey households.

According to the unified system and method, the survey organizations directly under the National Bureau of statistics will organize the household to record and collect the data of households' income, expenditure, family operation, production and investment; meanwhile, according to the unified questionnaire, collect other surveys such as the employment of household members and labor force, the ownership of housing and durable consumer goods, and the enjoyment of households' basic social and public services. After the completion of data collection, the municipal and county survey organizations use unified methods and data processing procedures to code, review and input the original investigation data, and then directly transmit the basic household data to the National Bureau of Statistics for unified summary and calculation.