Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators

Medical and Health Care Institutions  refer to the units which have been qualified the Certification of Health Care Institution, certification of family planning technical service by the administration of public health (family planning), or qualified the Certification of Corporate Unit by the civil affairs, administration for industry and commerce, commission office for public sector reform, and engaging in medical health care services, public health services, or medicine research and on-job training, etc., including: hospitals, health care institutions at grass-root level, specialized public health institutions, and other medical and health care institutions.

Hospitals include general hospitals, hospitals specialized in traditional Chinese medicine, hospitals of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, ethnic hospitals, specialized hospitals and nursing hospitals, excluding specialized disease prevention and treatment institutes, maternal and child health care hospitals and convalescent hospitals, including affiliated hospital of medical college.

Health Care Institutions at Grass-root Level  include community health service centers, community health service stations, urban health centers, township health centers, village clinics, outpatient departments and clinics (health centers).

Specialized Public Health Institutions include centers for disease control and prevention, specialized disease prevention and treatment institutions, women and children care agencies(including women and children health care family planning service center), health education institutions, first aid centers, blood gathering and supplying institutions, health supervision and inspection agencies, and family planning technical service centers that obtained the Certification of Health Care Institution or certification of family planning technical service centers.

Health Care Employees  refer to all employees engaged in the health care institutions, such as hospitals, health care institutions at grass-root level, specialized public health institutions, and other medical and health care institutions, including medical technical personnel, village doctors and assistants, other technical personnel, managerial and service staff. The data is based on the year end payroll, including personnel hired (including contract labor) and re-employed after retirement by the institution for over half a year and excluding temporary workers, retired personnel, resigned personnel, personnel who have left the institution but kept the contract relation and personnel who are re-employed after retirement or temporarily employed for less than half a year.

Medical Technical Personnel  refer to the professional staff engaged in health care, including licensed doctors, licensed assistant doctors, registered nurses, pharmacists, laboratory technicians, imaging staff, health care supervisors and intern doctors, pharmacists, nurses, and technical personnel, excluding the medical technical personnel engaged in managerial job (e.g. president, vice president and secretary of the party committee etc).

Licensed Doctors  refer to the medical workers who have obtained the licenses of qualified doctors and are employed in medical treatment, disease prevention or healthcare institutions, excluding the licensed doctors engaged in management job. The licensed doctors are divided into 4 categories: clinician, Chinese medicine physicians, dentist and public health physicians.

Licensed Assistant Doctors  refer to the medical workers who have obtained the licenses of qualified assistant doctors and are employed in medical treatment, disease prevention or healthcare institutions, excluding the licensed assistant doctors engaged in management job. The classification of licensed assistant doctors is clinician, Chinese medicine, dentist and public health.

Number of Medical Technical Personnel per 1000 Population  The formula is:

Number of Medical Technical Personnel per 1000 Population = Number of Medical Technical Personnel / Population *1000

The population is the figure of usual population at year-end.

Number of Licensed (Assistant) Doctors per 1000 Population  The formula is:

Number of Licensed Doctors per 1000 Population = (Number of Licensed Doctors + Number of Licensed Assistant Doctors) / Population *1000

The population is the figure of usual population at year-end.

Number of Beds  refer to the fixed actual beds (non authorized beds) at year-end, including regular beds, simple beds, monitoring beds, beds which are disinfected and repairing, beds deactivated due to expansion or overhaul, not including neonatal beds, predelivery bed, inventory bed, observation beds,   temporary beds and family accompany beds.

Number of Beds of Medical and Health Care Institutions per 1000 Population   the formula is:

Number of Beds of Medical and Health Care Institutions per 1000 Population = Number of Beds of Medical and Health Care Institutions / Population *1000

The population is the figure of usual population at year-end.

Incidence Rate of 28 Infectious Diseases  refer to the incidence cases of 28 infectious diseases per 100 thousand population in the reference year. The formula is:

Incidence Rate of 28 Infectious Diseases = Incidence Cases of 28 Infectious Diseases / Population *100000

Death Rate of 28 Infectious Diseases  refer to the death cases of 28 infectious diseases per 100 thousand population in the reference year. The formula is:

Death Rate of 28 Infectious Diseases= Death Cases of 28 Infectious Diseases / Population *100000

Mortality Rate  refers to the ratio of deaths to the average population in a year of the region, and usually is presented by ‰.

Maternal Mortality Rate refers to number of maternal death per 10,000 maternal. Generally refers to maternal mortality from pregnancy to 42 days after parturition due to pregnancy or any treatment of pregnancy, however, accidental deaths are not included. According to internationally accepted calculation method, the live births are used to represent the total number of maternal.

Mortality Rate of Children under 5  refers to the ratio of deaths of children under 5 in a year to the number of live births, and usually is presented by ‰.

Newborn Mortality Rate  refers to the ratio of neonatal deaths in a year to the number of live births, and usually is presented by ‰. Neonatal deaths refer to the deaths of new-birth under the age of 28 days (0-27 days).

Total Expenditure on Public Health  refers to the total monetary value of health resources in a country or a region collected by the whole society for public health based on source approach. It reflects the attention and affordability of the government, society and individual for public health and the major characteristics, justice and rationality of the health fund-raising model under certain economic circumstance.

Government Expenditure on Public Health  refers to the expenditure of the governments at all levels on medical and health care services, medical subsidies, health administration and health insurance management, and undertakings of family planning etc.

Social Expenditure on Public Health  refers to all inputs of society except the government in public health including the expenditures on social medical security, commercial health insurance,  private expenditure on operation of medical and health care, social donation and contribution, and income from administrative fees etc.

Individual Cash Expenditure on Health  refers to expenditure in cash on various health services by rural and urban residents, including self payments of residents within the system of multi-medical insurance. It can be categorized as cash expenditure on health by urban and rural residents and reflects their affordability of public health.

Average Expenditure on Health refers to the ratio of total expenditure on health in a year to the average population.

Ratio of Total Expenditure on Public Health to GDP refers to the ratio of total expenditure on public health in a year to GDP, which indicates the financial support given by a nation to health work and the attention paid on the public health and the health of residents by the government and society.

Number of Orphans  refers to juveniles under age of 18 that have lost parents or can't find parents. Orphans are affirmed by department of civil affairs at county level according to relevant regulations, and have received orphan subsidies..

Number of Children Adopted by Families  refers to abandoned babies that can’t find parents, children and orphans raised by welfare institutions adopted by Chinese citizens, or children adopted by foreign nationals, which have registered in department of civil affairs at county level and above, and gained legal adoption right. One registration means one case.

Adopted by Chinese Citizens  refers to adoption registration of children by Chinese citizens, which include persons from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and overseas Chinese.

Adopted by Foreigners  refers to adoption registration of children by foreign nationals, which include stateless persons, or by couples, at least one of whom is of foreign national.

Number of Urban Residents Entitled to Minimum Living Allowances refers to the number of those urban residents whose average family income is below a minimum local standard, and status of family property meets the relevant regulation, and have received subsidies by the end of the reporting period

Number of Rural Residents Entitled to Minimum Living Allowances  refers to the number of those rural residents whose average family income is below a minimum local standard, and receiving the minimum living allowances from the local government by the end of the reporting period.

Divorce Rate  refers to ratio of divorced couples to the annual average population in a certain region for the reference year, the formula is:

Number of Employment for the Disabled  refers to the new jobs created for the urban disabled through centralized employment, proportionate employment, self-employment, employment of welfare posts, supported employment, engaging in agricultural raising, flexible employment..