Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators

Medical and Health Care Institutions refer to the units which have been qualified the Certification of Health Care Institution by the administration of public health, or qualified the Certification of Corporate Unit by the civil affairs, administration for industry and commerce, commission office for public sector reform, and engaging in medical care, disease prevention and control, health supervision and inspection, medicine research and on-job training, etc., including: hospitals, health care institutions at grass-root level, specialized public health institutions, and other medical and health care institutions.

Hospitals include general hospitals, hospitals specialized in traditional Chinese medicine, hospitals of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, nationalities hospitals, specialized hospitals and nursing hospitals.

Health Care Institutions at Grass-root Level include community health service centers, urban health centers, township health centers, village clinics, outpatient departments and clinics (health centers).

Specialized Public Health Institutions include centers for disease control and prevention, specialized disease prevention and treatment institutions, women and children care agencies, health education institutions, first aid centers, blood gathering and supplying institutions, health supervision and inspection agencies, and family planning technical service centers supervised by health institutions.

Other Medical and Health Care Institutions include sanatoriums, clinical laboratory centers, medicinal scientific research institutions, on-job training institutions, medical examination centers, rural water improvement centers, talent exchange centers, and statistical information centers, etc.

Health Care Employees refer to all employees engaged in the health care institutions, such as hospitals, health care institutions at grass-root level, specialized public health institutions, and other medical and health care institutions, including medical technical personnel, village doctors and assistants, other technical personnel, managerial and service staff.

Medical Technical Personnel refer to the professional staff engaged in health care, including licensed doctors, licensed assistant doctors, registered nurses, pharmacists, laboratory technicians, imaging staff, health care supervisors and intern doctors, pharmacists, nurses, and technical personnel, excluding the medical technical personnel engaged in managerial job.

Licensed Doctors refer to the medical workers who have obtained the licenses of qualified doctors and are employed in medical treatment, disease prevention or healthcare institutions, excluding the licensed doctors engaged in management job. The licensed doctors are divided into 4 categories: clinician, Chinese medicine physicians, dentist and public health physicians.

Licensed Assistant Doctors refer to the medical workers who have obtained the licenses of qualified assistant doctors and are employed in medical treatment, disease prevention or healthcare institutions, excluding the licensed assistant doctors engaged in management job. The classification of licensed assistant doctors is clinician, Chinese medicine, dentist and public health.

Number of Licensed (Assistant) Doctors per 10000 Population The formula is:

Number of Licensed Doctors per 10000 Population = (Number of Licensed Doctors + Number of Licensed Assistant Doctors) / Population *10000

The population is the figure of household registration from the Ministry of Public Security.

Number of Medical Technical Personnel per 10000 Population The formula is:

Number of Medical Technical Personnel per 10000 Population = Number of Medical Technical Personnel / Population *10000

The population is the figure of household registration from the Ministry of Public Security.

Number of Beds of Medical and Health Care Institutions per 10000 Population the formula is:

Number of Beds of Medical and Health Care Institutions per 10000 Population = Number of Beds of Medical and Health Care Institutions / Population *10000

The population is the figure of household registration from the Ministry of Public Security.

Incidence Rate of A and B Type of Notifiable Infectious Diseases refer to the incidence cases notifiable class A and class B infectious diseases per 100 thousand population in the reference region in the reference year. The formula is:

Incidence Rate of A and B Type of Notifiable Infectious Diseases = Incidence Cases Notifiable Class A and Class B Infectious Diseases / Population *100000

Death Rate of A and B Type of Notifiable Infectious Diseases refer to the death cases notifiable class A and class B infectious diseases per 100 thousand population in the reference region in the reference year. The formula is:

Death Rate of A and B Type of Notifiable Infectious Diseases= Death Cases Notifiable Class A and Class B Infectious Diseases / Population *100000

Mortality Rate of A and B Type Notifiable Infectious Diseases refer to the ratio of death cases notifiable class A and class B infectious diseases to the incidence cases in the reference region in the reference year. The formula is:

Mortality Rate of A and B Type Notifiable Infectious Diseases = Death Cases Notifiable Class A and Class B Infectious Diseases / Incidence Cases *100%

Crude Mortality Rate refers to the ratio of deaths to the average population in a year of the region, and usually is presented by ‰.

Standardized Mortality Rate refers to the mortality rate at reference age calculated according to the age structure of a group of population.

Fatality Rate refers to the ratio of deaths caused by a disease to the population infected by it in a give period (generally one year), and usually is presented by %.

Maternal Mortality Rate refers to number of maternal death per 10,000 maternal. Generally refers to maternal mortality from pregnancy to 42 days after parturition due to pregnancy or any treatment of pregnancy, however, accidental deaths are not included. According to internationally accepted calculation method, the live births are used to represent the total number of maternal.

Number of Live Births refers to the number of newborn having one of four indicators like heartbeat, breathing, umbilical cord pulsation and involuntary muscle contraction after childbirth with gestation of at least 28 weeks or above (if the gestation is not clear, then refer to the birth weight of 1000 grams and above).

Mortality Rate of Children under 5 refers to the ratio of deaths of children under 5 in a year to the number of live births, and usually is presented by ‰.

Newborn Mortality Rate refers to the ratio of neonatal deaths in a year to the number of live births, and usually is presented by ‰. Neonatal deaths refer to the deaths of new-birth under the age of 28 days (0-27 days).

Number of Persons Participated in the New Rural Cooperative Medical System refers to the number of persons who have given payment to the new cooperative medical system by the deadline of fundraising during the year according to the implementation plan of the new system.

Expenditure of Funds for the New Rural Cooperative Medical System This Year refers to expenditures on compensation funds for the new rural cooperative medical system from the fund account of new cooperative medical system this year.

Persons Benefited from the Compensation Expenditure of New Rural Cooperative Medical System refers to the number of persons participated in the new system who have been compensated for medical treatment in the year, including hospitalization, family account form, out-patient, large special diseases out-patient, normal childbirth in hospital, medical examination and other compensations

Funds Raised for the New Rural Cooperative Medical System this Year refers to the amount of funds raised this year and put into the special new rural cooperative medical account, including the matching funds of central and local governments, paid money by farmers (including relief funds paid by the civil affairs department and other relevant departments), all the interest income generated this year of the funds and funds actually raised from other channels this year. The amount of funding equals to the funds entering into the special new rural cooperative medical account, excluding the carry-over funds from the previous year.

Total Expenditure on Public Health refers to the total expenditure on medical and health care services of a country or a region in a certain period of time (usually a year) in monetary form. The accounting result and its basic data not only provide macro-economic information for adjusting and making of health policies of government, but also important basis for evaluating the importance given by the whole society on human health, and analyzing the fairness and efficiency of the health care system.

Government Expenditure on Public Health refers to the expenditure of the governments at all levels on medical and health care services, medical subsidies, health administration and health insurance management, and undertakings of family planning etc.

Social Expenditure on Public Health refers to all inputs of society except the government in public health including the expenditures on social medical security, commercial health insurance, private expenditure on operation of medical and health care, social donation and contribution, and income from administrative fees etc.

Individual Cash Expenditure on Health refers to expenditure in cash on various health services by rural and urban residents, including self payments of residents within the system of multi-medical insurance.

Average Expenditure on Health refers to the ratio of total expenditure on health in a year to the average population.

Ratio of Total Expenditure on Public Health to GDP refers to the ratio of total expenditure on public health in a year to GDP, which indicates the support given by a nation to health work, the capital inputs of the whole society in the public health, and the attention paid on the health of residents in certain period of time and under certain economic conditions.

Serviceman Recreation Habitation also called retired servicemen recreation habitation, refers to the units which are administrated by departments of civil affairs with independent accounting and provide services to the retired servicemen.

Military Supply Stations also called units of management of military supply. They are the general name of units such as military food supply stations, military water supply stations, servicemen transfer reception stations, which are managed by departments of civil affairs entrusted by local governments with independent accounting, and provide services to army during the war or peacetime.

Licensed Social Workers refer to those who passed the National Aptitude Test for Social Workers and obtained the certificates.

Social Service Beds per Thousand Population The formula is:

Social Welfare Enterprises refers to those welfare-oriented enterprises employing a significant number of handicapped people with certain labour ability (handicapped employees shall exceed 10% of the production staff), including welfare factories, artificial limb plants as well as other welfare enterprises.

Number of Orphans refers to juveniles under age of 18 that have lost parents or can't find parents. Orphans are affirmed by department of civil affairs at county level according to relevant regulations.

Number of Adoption Registration of Family Children refers to abandoned babies that can’t find parents, children and orphans raised by welfare institutions adopted by Chinese citizens, or children adopted by foreign nationals, which have registered in department of civil affairs at county level and above, and gained legal adoption right. One registration means one case.

Adoption Registration of Chinese Citizens refers to adoption registration of children by Chinese citizens, which include persons from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and overseas Chinese.

Adoption Registration of Foreign Nationals refers to adoption registration of children by foreign nationals, which include stateless persons, or adoption by couples with foreign nationals for one party.

Number of Urban Residents Entitled to Minimum Living Allowances refers to the number of those whose average family income is below a minimum local standard by the end of the reporting period, including both the employed and unemployed, laid off and retired, and those jobless people without stable residence or valid IDs.

Number of Rural Residents Entitled to Minimum Living Allowances refers to the number of those receiving the minimum living allowances from the local government or community in the rural areas where this allowances system is in place as of the end of the reference period.

Households Enjoying Five Guarantees refers to those senior citizens, handicapped or under-aged who, without labour ability, can not make a living by themselves and whose statutory providers are unable to support them or who have no statutory providers at all.

Number of Rural Recipients of Traditional Relief refers to the poor people entitled to traditional relief in rural areas where the minimum living allowances system is not in place.

Number of Service Facilities in Communities refers to the number of non-profit welfare facilities set up for community residents’ in particular the community-based centers that serve senior citizens, the handicapped or children, recreational centers, service centers, nursing homes, apartments for the elderly (nursery for the aged), work and treatment stations for the handicapped, day-care centers for handicapped children, domestic help agencies and dating services, as well as social insurance management agencies for the employees. Different types of community service providers that share the same premise are regarded as one community service facility. The requirements for a social service facility of communities include: (1) independent accounting; (2) fixed employees; (3) provision of certain services; and (4) with certain places.

Coverage Rate of Service Facilities in Communities The formula is:

Coverage rate of service facilities in communities = number of service facilities in communities/number of village committees + communities×100%

Crude Divorce Rate refers to ratio of divorced couples to the annual average population for the reference year, the formula is:

‰

Supervision Rate refers to the percentage of patients among the total number of registered mental disease patients, who participate in social integrated and open treatment and rehabilitation programmes through various forms such as supervision groups, family treatment, employment or guidance from psychiatric institutions. This indicator reflects the implementation of various measures aimed at rehabilitating those mental patients.

Social Participation Rate refers to proportion of mental disease patients who are able to manage their daily life and participate in economic activities to the total number of mental disease patients under supervision. This indicator reflects the condition of recovery of those mental patients and their participation in social activities.

Violent Events Rate refers to the number of the patients with mental diseases who have violated the Public Security Regulations as a percentage of the total registered patients with mental diseases within the year.

Handicapped School-age Children without School Attendance refers to the number of handicapped children of the school age as prescribed by the provincial government in accordance with the Law on Compulsory Education who fail to attend any schools for various reasons as of December 31 of the current year.

Centralized Employment refers to the number of the urban handicapped residents employed, in a centralized manner, by welfare enterprises, work and treatment agencies, blind massagists’ centers and other organizations as of December 31of the current year.

Proportionate Employment refers to the number of the urban handicapped residents employed by governmental bodies, organizations, corporate and public institutions, and various economic organizations in a decentralized manner as of December 31 of the current year.