Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators
Gross
Output Value of Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishery refers to the total value of products of agriculture, forestry, animal
husbandry and fishery, and total value of services in support of agriculture,
forestry, animal husbandry and fishery activities. It reflects the total scale
and results of agricultural production during a given period. Prior to 1957,
Gross output value of agriculture is
obtained by multiplying the output of each product or by-product by its price,
resulting in the output value of each single item. For a small number of
products, annual output of which is not available or difficult to get due to
the long production (growing) process involved, the output value is estimated
through an indirect approach. The sum of output values of all products of
agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery and services in support to
those industries is then equal to the gross output value of agriculture.
Grain
Output refers to the total output in the whole country including grains produced
by State farms, collective units, rural households, as well as by farms
affiliated to industrial and mining enterprises and other production units.
Grain includes rice, wheat, corn, sorghum, millet and other miscellaneous
grains as well as tubers and beans. Output of beans refers to dry beans without
pods. The output of tubers (sweet potatoes and potatoes, not including taros
and cassava) are converted into that of grain at the ratio 4:1, i.e. 4
kilograms of fresh tubers were equivalent to 1 kilogram of grain up to 1963.
Since 1964 the ratio for conversion has been 5:1. Tubers supplied as vegetables
(such as potatoes) in cities and suburbs are calculated as fresh vegetables and
their output is not included in the output of grain. Output of all other grains
refers to husked grain. Data on grain production before 1989 were obtained
through the Comprehensive Statistical Reporting System. Since 1989, data from
sample surveys are used.
Cotton
Output refers to cotton production in the whole country including cotton planted
in spring and in autumn. Output is measured as the weight of ginned cotton. Ceiba is not included.
Output
of Oil-bearing Crops refers to the total production of oil-bearing crops of various kinds,
including peanuts (dry, in shell), rapeseeds, sesame, sunflower seeds, flax
seeds, and other oil-bearing crops. Soybeans, oil-bearing woody plants, and
wild oil-bearing crops are not included.
Output
of Aquatic Products refers to catches of both artificially cultured and naturally grown
aquatic products, including fish, shrimps, crabs and shellfish in sea and
inland water as well as seaweed. Freshwater plants are not included. Data on output of aquatic products are
reported by aquatic product and statistical agencies level by level. Before
1995, among the shellfish, oyster was counted as fresh meat; 5 kilograms of ark
shell, clams and frogs are equivalent to 1 kilogram of fresh aquatic products;
they have all been counted as fresh aquatic products since 1996.
Output
of Pork, Beef, and Mutton refers to the meat of slaughtered hogs, cattle, sheep and goats with head,
feet, and offal taken away. Data refers to the production of the whole country.
Before 1996, it was a comprehensive reporting from the lower level to the upper
one. The First Agricultural Census of China in 1996 revealed some discrepancy
between the production of animal products from the annual reports and that from
the census. Efforts were made to adjust the output value of animal husbandry to
make the figures from the annual reports consistent with the census data. Since
1999, the NBS conducted sample surveys for the major animal husbandry products,
such as hogs, cattle, sheep and goats and fowls, and the data from sample
surveys are used as national finalized data. Those products, which are not
covered by the sample survey, are still reported by statistical agencies level
by level. In 2007, the data on animal husbandry from 2000 to 2006 were revised
according to the results of the Second Agriculture Census of China. In 2008, A
Monitoring and Survey Program was set up on main livestock, the data on the
main livestock such as hog, cattle, sheep and poultry became the official data
based on the sampling survey.
Number
of Livestock or Poultry in Stock at Beginning (or End) of Period refers to the total
number of large animals, pigs, sheep, fowls, etc. raised by rural cooperative
organizations, State farms, rural individuals, government agencies, schools,
industrial and mining enterprises, army, and urban residents at the beginning
(or end) of the reference period. Data reporting system and data adjustment are
the same as that in the output of pork, beef and mutton.
Sown
Area of Crops refers to area of land sown or transplanted with crops regardless of being
in cultivated area or non-cultivated area. Area of land re-sown due to natural
disasters is also included. At present, the sown area of crops mainly include
the following 10 categories of crops: grain, oil-bearing crops, cotton, hemp,
sugar crops, tobacco, medicinal materials, vegetables, melons and other farm
crops.
Effective
Irrigated Area
refers to area of land that are effectively irrigated, i.e. relatively
level land, where there are water sources or complete sets of irrigation
facilities to lift and move adequate water for irrigation purpose under normal
conditions. Under normal situations, irrigated area is the sum of watered
fields and irrigated fields where irrigation systems or equipment have been
installed for regular irrigation purpose. It is an important indicator to
reflect the farmland water conservancy construction in
Consumption
of Chemical Fertilizers in Agriculture refers to the quantity of chemical fertilizers applied in agriculture in
the year, including nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash
fertilizer, and compound fertilizer. The consumption of chemical fertilizers is
calculated in terms of volume of effective components by means of converting
the gross weight of the respective fertilizers into weight containing effective
component (e.g. nitrogen content in nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorous pentoxide contents in phosphate fertilizer, and potassium
oxide contents in potash fertilizer). Compound fertilizer is converted in
regard to its major components. The formula is:
Volume of effective component= physical
quantity× effective component of certain chemical fertilizer (%)
Total
Power of Agricultural Machinery refers to the total rated capacity of all agricultural machinery.
Agricultural machinery refers to the machineries and equipments which are used
for activities of planting, animal husbandry, fishery,
primary processing of agricultural products, agricultural transport and
infrastructure construction of farmland. Total power of agricultural machinery
is grouped into four parts according to the energy used:
Diesel engine power refers to the total rated
capacity of all diesel engines.
Gasoline engine power refers to the total
rated capacity of all gasoline engines.
Motor power refers to the total rated
capacity of all motors (include submersible pump motors).
Other mechanical powers refer to the total
mechanical capacity of the sources of energy besides diesel, gasoline and motor
power, such as hydro power, wind power, coal and solar energy.
Data are mainly from agricultural machinery
agencies.