Length of Railways
in Operation refers to the total length of
the trunk line for passenger and freight transportation (including both full
operation and temporary operation). The calculation is based on the actual
length of the first line if this line has a full or partial double (or more).
Not included are double tracks, station sidings, tracks under the charge of
stations, branch lines, special-purpose lines and non-payable connecting lines.
The length of railways in operation is an important indicator to show the
development of the infrastructure of railway transport. It is also essential
data to calculate volume of passenger freight transport, traffic density and
utilization efficiency of locomotives and carriages.
Length of
Electrified Railways refers to the
length of the section of railways in operation in which the power supply lines
and other equipment are installed for the running of electrified locomotives.
The proportion of the length of electrified railways to the total length of
railways in operation is an important indicator to show the modernization of
railways.
Length of
Automatic-blocking and Semi-automatic-blocking Railways Blocking
is a spacing technique by which a section of the railway only allows one train
to pass at a time with the aim of ensuring traffic safety. Length of automatic-blocking
and semi-automatic-blocking railways refers to length of railways installed
with equipment to perform automatic or manual blocking of trains.
Length of Highways refers to the length of highways which are built in
conformity with the grades specified by the highway engineering standard
[Highways WTBZ-Technical Standard JTJ01-88] formulated by the Ministry of
Transport, and have been formally checked and accepted by the departments of
highways and put into use. The length of highways includes that of the suburb
highways at large and medium-sized cities, highways passing through streets at
small cities and towns, and also the length of bridges and ferry piers. It does
not include the length of streets in big and medium-sized cities and highways
built for the production purpose at factories, mines, forest areas and
agricultural areas. If two or more highways go the same section of the way, the
length of the section is only calculated for once and no duplication is
allowed. The length of highways is an indicator to show the development of the
scale of highway construction and to provide essential information to calculate
the transport network density.
Length of Navigable
Inland Waterways is an indicator reflecting the size and development of
inland water network. It refers to the length of the natural rivers, lakes,
reservoirs, canals, and ditches open to navigation during a given period, which
enables transportation by ships and rafts. It includes the channels open to
navigation for over an accumulated period of 3 months in a year, yet this does
not include the river courses which are only used to float odd logs and bamboo
rafts. This indicator can reflect the scale, level and development situation of
the inland waterway network.
Length of Civil
Aviation Routes refers to the length of all
routes for civil aviation flights, which is used to account the freight, during
the period of statistics.. There are usually two ways
to calculate the route length: duplicated calculation and non-duplicated calculateion, the former is the sum of length of all civil
aviation routes, and the latter should deduct the duplication length of same
route among all routes.
Length of Oil (Gas) Pipelines is used as an indicator to show the development, scale and level of the
pipeline transportation. It refers to the actual transport distance of oil (or
gas) products, and is in general calculated according to the length of single
pipeline. If the length of the double pipelines and alternate pipeline are
included, it is called the extension length of the oil (gas) pipelines, which
indicates the actual length of the pipelines built. The commonly used
indicator, the “length of “oil (gas)” pipelines, does
not include the double pipelines. It can reflect the extent and level of
development of pipeline transport.
Freight (Passenger) Traffic refers to the volume of freight (passenger) transported with various means
within a specific period of time. This indicator reflects the service of the
transport industry towards the national economy and people’s living conditions,
as well as an important indicator used in formulating and monitoring transport
production plans and research into the scale and pace of transport
development. Freight transport is
calculated in tons and passenger traffic is calculated in terms of number of
persons. Freight transport is calculated in terms of the actual weight of the
goods and takes no account of the type of freight and distance of travel.
Passenger traffic is calculated by the principle that one person can be counted
only once in one trip and takes no account of the travelling distance and
ticket price. The passengers who travel with a half price ticket or a child’s
ticket is also calculated as one person.
Freight (Passenger)
Traffic Density refers to the freight
(passenger) traffic volume carried by a particular means of transportation
during a given period through one kilometre of a specific section of
transportation route. The formula is as follows:
Freight (passenger) traffic density
reflects how busy freight (passenger) traffic is on transportation routes. It
provides an important basis for balancing transport capability and throughput
capability, planning construction and upgrading of transport routes, installing
technical facilities and studying the distribution of transport networks.
Freight
Ton-kilometres (Passenger-kilometres) refers to the sum of the product of the volume of transported cargo
(passengers) multiplied by the transport distance. It is an important indicator
to reflect the achievement of the transportation industry. This is an important
indicator to show the total results of the transport industry; to prepare and
examine the transport plan; and to serve as the main basic data for calculating
the efficiency, labour productivity and unit cost of transport. Normally, the
shortest distance between the departure station and the destination station
(i.e., the payable distance) is the basis in calculating the freight
ton-kilometres. The formula is as follows:
Average Static Load
of Freight Cars refers to the average cargo
weight as loaded by each freight car under the static condition at the
departure station. It is used to show the utilization extent of the loading
capacity of the freight cars. The formula is:
The static load of
freight cars is determined by the nature and type of goods loaded the type of
vehicles, and the technique of loading. Comparison of the average marked load
with the static load of freight cars provides indication on the degree of
utilization of loading capacity of freight cars. For its calculation the
following formula is applied:
Average Daily Haul
of Freight Locomotives refers to the
average total ton-kilometres accomplished by each freight transport locomotive
over one day and night during a given period of time. It includes both the
weight of the goods carried and the dead weight of the train itself. It is a
comprehensive indicator reflecting the locomotive efficiency in terms of both
time and the pulling force.
Volume of Freight
Handled in Coastal Ports above Designated size refers to the volume of cargo passing in and out of the
harbour area of the major coastal ports and having been loaded and unloaded.
The volume of freight handled may be classified by direction of flow as freight
for import and freight for export, or by nature of cargo as freight for
domestic trade and freight for foreign trade. The volume of freight handled
maybe classified by the classification of cargo, or the current transport standard
of The Classification and Code of Cargo
Type. Coastal ports refer to the ports, which are located at the edge of an
ocean or sea, and with some equipment and facility for ship anchoring,
passenger embarking/debarking, cargo loading/unloading, living material provideng, etc. .
Possession of Civil
Motor Vehicles refer to the total numbers of
vehicles that are registered and received vehicles license tags according to
the Work Standard for Motor Vehicles Registration formulated by the
Transport Management Office under the department of public security at the end
of the reference period. They are divided into categories. According to the structure of motor
vehicles, they are divided into passenger vehicles, trucks and others;
according to ownership into private vehicles and vehicles for the unit’s use;
according to kind of usage into working vehicles and non-working vehicles; and
according to size of vehicles into large passenger vehicles, medium-sized
passenger vehicles, small passenger vehicles and mini passenger vehicles, heavy
trucks, light-heavy trucks, light trucks and mini-trucks.
Business Volume of
Post and Telecommunications refers to the total
amount of postal and telecommunication services, expressed in value terms,
provided by the post and telecommunications departments for society. This
indicator reflects the overall results of development of postal and
telecommunication services. It can be classificated
as postal services and and telecommunication services.
Business volume of post and telecommunications is the sum of all services in
kind multiplying with the unit price (constant price) to get the total business
value.
Mobile Telephone
Subscribers refer to persons who have gone
through registration procedures in the operation points of enterprises engaged
in telecommunications and are hence connected with the mobile telephone
communication network through the mobile telephone switchboards and occupy
mobile phone numbers. Included are GSM digital mobile phone subscribers, CDMA
digital mobile phone subscribers and subscribers to intelligent phone cards
with roaming facility issued by telecommunications enterprises and which have been
subscribed to and activated at the end of the reference period.
Internet Users refer to the number of Chinese citizens aged 6 and
over who use the Internet at least for one hour each week.
Local Telephone
Subscribers refer to all subscribers who
have gone through registration procedures in the operation points of
enterprises engaged in telecommunications and are hence connected to the local
telecommunications service provider through fixed line network. Included are general
subscribers, public telephones subscribers, N-ISDN subscribers and intelligent
network terminal subscribers. They are also classified in terms of
administrative districts as urban telephone subscribers and rural telephone subscribers
according to location.
Urban Telephone
Subscribers refer to the number of telephone
subscribers, located at the different administrative districts of municipalities
directly under the Central Government, cities under
the jurisdiction of province, cities at prefecture level, downtown and suburb
of city at county level town and county towns, that are connected to the public
line telephone network, including rural mineral area, forest area, military
area.
Rural Telephone
Subscribers refer to telephone subscribers,
located at the towns below the level of county town and villages,
that are connected to the public line telephone network.
Household Telephone
Subscribers refer to telephone sets
installed in the dwelling units of urban or rural residents, and registered as
residence subscribers for payment, including three types of payment for the
service: private payment, public payment and free service in accordance with
relevant regulations.
Capacity of Long
Distance Telephone Exchanges refers to the rated capacity of telephone exchanges to
connect long distance telephone network, including capacity of international
telephone exchanges.
Capacity of Office
Telephone Exchanges refers to the
capacity (measured in gate) of telephone exchanges installed in the offices of
telecommunication service providers for communication between fixed telephones.
It includes the capacity of both manual and automatic exchanges in use and for
stand-by purpose. The capacity of subscriber exchanges is not included.
Capacity of Mobile
Telephone Exchanges refers to the
capacity of the maximum services provided to subscribers at any one time as
computed based on a certain model of calls distribution and transacting
capacity of the mobile telephone exchanges.
Broadband Connection Terminals refer to the
connection terminals to internet users actually installed and put into
operation, including connection terminals for xDSL,
connection terminals for LAN, and other connection terminals for xDSL. N-ISDN connection terminals are not included.