Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators
Economically Active Population refers to the
population aged 16 and over who are capable to work, are participating in or
willing to participate in economic activities, including employed persons and
unemployed persons.
Employed Persons refer to the
persons aged 16 and over who are engaged in social working and receive
remuneration payment or earn business income. This indicator reflects the
actual utilization of total labour force during a
certain period of time and is often used for the research on China抯 economic
situation and national power.
Persons Employed in Various Units refer to all the persons working
in government agencies of various levels, political and party organizations,
social organizations, enterprises and institutions, and receiving wages or
other forms of payment. They include fully-employed staff and workers,
re-employed retirees, teachers in schools run by the local people, foreigners
and Chinese compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan working in various
units, part-time employees, employees of other units working temporarily at
current posts, and employees holding the second job, but exclude staff and
workers who have left their working units while keeping their labour contract (employment relation) unchanged. This
indicator reflects the total number of laborers actually engaged in production
or other operations in various units.
Persons Employed in Private Enterprises and
Self-Employed Individuals in Urban Areas Persons employed in private
enterprises refer to the persons employed in the private enterprises which have
been registered at the departments of industrial and commercial administration
and are situated at a county town (i.e. a town where the county government is
located) for business operation or at urban areas with the level higher than a
county town. The self-employed individuals in urban areas refer to persons who
hold the certificates of residence in urban areas or have resided in the urban
areas for a long time and have been registered at the departments of industrial
and commercial administration and approved to be engaged in individual
industrial or commercial business, including self-employed persons as well as
helpers and hired labourers who work in the individual
households engaged in industrial or commercial business.
Registered Urban Unemployed Persons refer to the persons with
non-agricultural household registration at certain working ages (16-50 years
for male and 16-45 years for females), who are capable of work, unemployed and
willing to work, and have been registered at the local employment service
agencies to apply for a job.
Registered Urban Unemployment Rate refers to the ratio of the number
of the registered unemployed persons to the sum of the number of persons
employed in various units (minus the rural labour
force, retirees, and Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan or foreign employees they employ)
laid-off workers in urban units, owners and employees in urban private
enterprises, urban self-employed individuals and the registered urban
unemployed persons. The formula is as follows:
Registered urban unemployment rate = number
of registered urban unemployed persons÷(number of persons employed in urban
units - rural labour force employed retirees employed - Hong Kong, Macao,
Taiwan or foreign employees employ + laid-off workers + owners and employees in
urban private enterprises + self-employed individuals in urban areas +
registered urban unemployed persons) × 100%.
Staff and Workers refer to
persons working in, and receive payment from units of state ownership,
collective ownership, joint ownership, share holding ownership, foreign
ownership, and ownership by entrepreneurs from
State-owned Units refer to
economic units whose assets are owned by the state. Included are
non-corporation units registered according to Regulation of the People抯 Republic
of China on the Registration of Enterprises and Corporations, state
organs, institutions and social organizations at the central and local levels.
Collective-Owned Units refer to economic units registered
according to Regulation of the People抯 Republic
of China on the Registration of Enterprises and Corporations where
the means of production are collectively owned.
Units of Other Types of Ownership refer to units registered with other
types of ownership, including cooperative units, joint ownership units, limited
companies, share holding corporations, units invested by entrepreneurs from
Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan, and foreign-invested units.
Fully Employed Staff and Workers refer to persons who work in, and
receive wages from their working units, as well as persons who have their work
posts, but are temporarily absent from work for reasons of study or on sick,
injury or maternal leave and still receive wages from their working units.
Total Wages Bill refer to the
total remuneration payment to staff and workers in various units during a
certain period of time. The calculation of total wages is based on the total
remuneration payment to the staff and workers. Therefore, all the wages and
salaries and other payments to staff and workers are included in the total
wages regardless of their sources, category, and forms (in kind or cash).
(Total wages of staff and workers in this yearbook include only total wages of
fully employed staff and workers, excluding the living allowances distributed
to those who have left their working units while keeping their labour contract/employment relation unchanged).
Average Wage refers to the
average wage in money terms per person during a certain period of time for
staff and workers in enterprises, institutions, and government agencies, which
reflects the general level of wage income during a certain period of time and
is calculated as follows:
Average Wage = Total Wages of Staff and
Workers at Reference Time /Average Number of Staff and Workers at Reference
Time.
Average Wage Indices refers to the
ratio of average wage of staff and workers in the report period to that in the
base period, which reflects the change of wage of staff and workers at the
different period. It is calculated as follows:
Average Wage Indices = Average Wage of Staff
and Workers at Reference Time / Average Wage of Staff and Workers at Base
Period x 100%
Average Real Wage Indices average real
wage of staff and workers refers to the average wage of staff and workers after
removing the effects of the price changes and average real wage indices of
staff and workers refers to the change of real wage, which reflects the
relative increasing or decreasing level of real wage of staff and workers,
which is calculated as follows:
Average Real Wage Indices = Average Wage
Indices of Staff and Workers at the Reference Time / Urban Consumer Price
Indices at Reference Time x 100%
Professional Personnel refers
to the persons who are engaged in special professional work or in professional
management who got the titles of a professional post before 1983 or who were
appointed to professional positions since 1984.
Professional personnel specifically refers
to engineering professionals, agricultural professionals, scientific research
professionals (natural science researchers, social science researchers and
laboratory technicians), health professionals, teaching professionals
(including institutions of higher education, specialized secondary schools,
technical schools, regular secondary schools, and primary schools), civil
aviation professionals, nautical professionals, economic professionals,
accounting professionals, statistical professionals, interpretation
professionals, library professionals, archives professionals, professionals of
culture, arts and cultural relics, newsman and publishing professionals,
lawyers, notary professionals, radio and television announcers, industrial arts
professionals, sports professionals, artists and political professionals.
Professional management personnel specifically
refers to the managers of enterprises and institutions, the personnel engaged
in the management of production, techniques, economic and political aspects in
the functional departments under the enterprise and institution, production
workshops and accessorial workshops (or accessorial production units) under the
enterprises.
Professional personnel excluded the personnel managed by or
according to the system of civil servants.