Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators |
Total Investment in Fixed Assets in
the Whole Country: Investment in fixed assets is
the essential means for social reproduction of fixed assets. By means of
construction and purchase of fixed assets, more advanced technologies and
equipment are adopted in the national economy, and new sectors are
established, which promote the adjustment of economic structure and the
regional distribution of productive forces and enhance the economic strengths
so as to provide the material conditions for improving people’s livelihood.
This is significant for speeding up the drive of socialist modernization in |
Amount of investment in fixed assets refers to the volume
of activities in construction and purchases of fixed assets in monetary
terms. It is a comprehensive indicator which shows the size, pace,
proportional relations and use orientation of the investment in fixed assets.
Total investment in fixed assets in the whole country includes, by status of
registration, the investment by the state-owned units, collective units,
share-holding cooperatives, joint ownership units, limited liability
corporations, share-holding corporations ltd., as well as investment by
individuals, by businessmen from Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan, and from
foreign countries. According to |
Investment in Capital Construction: Capital construction refers to the new construction projects or
extension projects and the related work of the enterprises, institutions or
administrative units mainly for the purpose of expanding production capacity
or improving project efficiency covering only projects each with a total
investment of 500,000 yuan and over. It includes:
(1) projects listed in the capital construction plan of the current year of
the central government and the local governments at various levels as well as
the projects, though not listed in the capital construction plan of the
current year, but continued to be constructed in this year, using the
investment listed in the plan of capital construction of previous years and
carried forward to this year (also using the equipment and materials kept in
stock of the capital construction); (2) new construction projects arranged
both in the plan of capital construction and the plan of innovation;
extension projects with the newly increased production capacity (or project
efficiency) up to the standard of a large and medium-sized project; and the
projects of moving the whole factory to a new site so as to improve the
distribution of productive forces; (3) new construction projects, extension
projects or restoration projects with the total investment of 500,000 RMB yuan and over by the state-owned units, though listed
neither in the plan of capital construction nor in the plan of innovation;
the projects in the state-owned units of moving the whole factory to a new
site so as to improve the distribution of productive forces; and the projects
of building additional business houses by the administrative units and
institutions and building welfare facilities by the administrative units. |
Investment in Innovation: Innovation refers to the renewal of fixed assets and
technological innovation of the original facilities by the enterprises and
institutions as well as the corresponding supplementary projects and the
related work (excluding major overhaul and maintenance projects) covering
only projects each with a total investment of 500,000 yuan
and over. It includes: (1) projects listed in the innovation plan of the
current year of the central government and the local governments at various
levels as well as the projects, though not listed in the innovation plan of
the current year, but continued to be constructed in this year, using the investment
listed in the plan of innovation of previous years and carried forward to
this year; (2) projects of technological innovation or renewal of the
original facilities, arranged both in the plan of innovation and in the plan
of capital construction; extension projects (main workshops or a branch of
the factory) with the newly increased production capacity (or project
efficiency) not up to the standard of a large and medium-sized project; and
the projects of moving the whole factory to a new site so as to meet the
requirements of urban environmental protection or safe production; (3)
projects of reconstruction or technological innovation with the total
investment of 500,000 RMB yuan and over by the
state-owned units, though listed neither in the plan of capital construction
nor in the plan of innovation; the projects in the state-owned units of
moving the whole factory to a new site so as to meet the requirements of
urban environmental protection or safe production. |
Investment in Real Estate
Development: It includes the investment by the
real estate development companies, commercial buildings construction
companies and other real estate development units of various types of
ownership in the construction of house buildings, such as residential
buildings, factory buildings, warehouses, hotels, guesthouses, holiday
villages, office buildings, and the complementary service facilities and land
development projects, such as roads, water supply, water drainage, power
supply, heating, telecommunications, land leveling and other projects of
infrastructure. It excludes the activities in simple land transactions. |
Other Investment in Fixed Assets refers to the construction and purchases of fixed assets not
listed in the investment in capital construction, investment in innovation
and investment in real estate development. It includes: |
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II. The investment in fixed assets by urban collective
units: refer to projects of construction and purchases of fixed assets with
the planned total investment of 500,000 yuan and
over by all collective units in cities and county towns and in townships
which are approved by the State Council or provincial governments, excluding
investment by collective units under township enterprise administration
offices. |
III. The projects of construction and purchases of fixed
assets by the enterprises or institutions with a registration status other
than state or urban collective ownership with the planned total investment of
500,000 yuan and over, which are not included in
the plan of capital construction and the plan of innovation. |
Private Investment in House
Construction in Urban Areas, Industrial and Mining Areas and Individual
Investment in Rural Areas The private house
construction in the urban areas and industrial and mining areas includes all
the private house construction under the jurisdiction of cities, counties,
towns and industrial and mining areas, no matter whether the owner of the
house is registered as the permanent resident in the locality or not. The
individual investment in the rural areas includes the investment in house
construction and purchase of productive fixed assets by the individuals in
the rural areas. |
Sources of Funds for Investment in
Fixed Assets state budgetary appropriation,
domestic loans, foreign investment, self-raised funds, and others. |
(1)State budgetary appropriation refers to appropriation
in the budget of the central and local governments earmarked for capital
construction and for innovation projects, and the special appropriation from
the budget of the central government for capital construction and for the transfer
fund to banks to be issued as loans for capital construction projects. |
(2)Domestic loans refer to various funds borrowed by
enterprises and institutions from banks and non-bank financial institutions
during the reference period for the purpose of investment in fixed assets,
including loans issued by banks from their self-owned funds and deposit,
loans appropriated by higher responsible authorities, special loans by
government (including loan for replacing petroleum with coal, special loan
for reform-through-labour coal mines), loans
arranged by local government from special funds, domestic reserve loan, and
working loan, etc.. |
(3) Foreign Investment refers to foreign funds received
during the reference period for the purpose of investment in fixed assets,
including foreign funds borrowed and managed by the government, by individual
units, foreign fund in joint venture program, and issue of bonds and stocks
at the international financial markets. The foreign funds borrowed and
managed by the government refer to foreign loans borrowed by the government
from foreign governments, organizations, or financial institutions under
official agreements signed by both parties, under which government is
responsible for the repayment of both the principal and interests of the
foreign loans. |
(4)Self-raised funds refer to funds received by
construction enterprises from their higher responsible authorities, local
governments, or raised by enterprises or institutions themselves for the
purpose of investment in fixed assets during the reference period. |
(5) Others refer to funds received during the reference
period which are not included in the above-mentioned sources. |
Investment in Fixed Assets by
Sector The classification of construction
projects by sector is determined by the major products or the purpose of the
projects when they are put into production or use, and by the nature of their
social economic activities. The investment in capital construction is
classified by construction projects, while investment in innovation, other
investment by state-owned units and urban collective units are classified
according to the sector which the whole enterprise or institution belongs to.
In general, one project or one enterprise or institution can only belong to
one sector. In order to reflect more accurately the proportions among various
sectors, the branch factories of integrated complex are classified into
different sectors according to their economic activities. |
Investment in Fixed Assets by Type
of Construction The construction projects in
general can be classified by the type of construction into new construction,
expansion, reconstruction and moving away. In capital construction, the type
of construction is determined by the condition of the project. In investment
in innovation, in other investment by state-owned units and investment by
collective-owned units, the type of construction is determined by the
condition of the whole enterprise and restoration. The current distinction
between capital construction and innovation is determined by |
(1)New construction in general refers to newly
constructed units. In the case in which the value of the original fixed
assets is quite small, and the value of newly added fixed assets exceeds the
original ones by three times, the expansion construction is considered as new
construction. |
(2)Expansion refers to construction of new major
production workshop or independent production line within a factory or in
other locations, or construction of a branch factory so as to increase the
production capacity of the original products. Newly constructed business
houses in institutions and administrative organizations (such as the newly
constructed teaching buildings in schools, clinics or bed building in
hospitals, and office buildings in administrative agencies, etc.) are also
classified as expansion. |
(3) Reconstruction refers to technical innovation and
transformation of the existing equipment and technical conditions undertaken
by enterprises and institutions for the purposes of technological
advancement, improvement in product quality, enlarging variety of products,
promoting new generation of products, reducing production consumption and
cost, promoting comprehensive utilization of resources, strengthening
treatment of waste gas, waste water and solid wastes, and safety in
production, etc. through application of new technologies and techniques, use
of new equipment and new materials (including accessory facilities for
production or for living and welfare purposes).Construction of new workshops
for improving existing production capacity rather than increasing production
capacity is also considered as reconstruction. |
Investment in Fixed Assets by
Structure refers to the three major parts of
investment activities, i.e. construction and installation, purchase of
equipment and instrument, and other expenses. |
(1) Construction and installation (work volume of
construction and installation) refers to the construction of various houses
and buildings and installation of various kinds of equipment and instruments,
including construction of various houses, equipment foundations and
industrial kilns and stoves, preparation works for project construction, and
clearing up works post project construction, pavement of railways and roads,
drilling of mines and putting up of oil pipes, construction of projects of
water conservancy, construction of underground air-raid shelters and
construction of other special projects, installation of various machinery
equipment, testing operation for pre-testing the quality of installation
projects. The value of equipment installed is not included in the value of
installation projects. |
(2)Purchase of equipment and instruments refers to the
total value of equipment, tools, and vessels purchased or self-produced which
come up to standards for fixed assets. Equipment, tools and vessels purchased
or self produced for new workshops by newly established or expanded units
are categorized as “purchase of equipment and instruments” no matter whether
they come up to the standards for fixed assets or not. |
(3)Other expenses refer to expenses occurring during the
construction or purchase of fixed assets other than construction,
installation or purchase of equipment and instruments. |
Capital Construction Projects by
Size The classification of size of capital
construction projects should be determined according to the total scale or
total investment set in the approved construction plan by higher responsible
authorities or in the tentative design, otherwise according to the total
scale or total investment set in the current capital construction plan of the
state, provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under
central government. Industrial projects which produce unitary products are
classified according to its design capacity of products; projects which
produce multi-products are classified by the design capacity of the major product
or by the total planned investment. Standards for the Classification of
Construction Projects into large, medium-sized and small ones issued by the
government are the base for size division of construction projects, which was
revised five times in 1958, 1962, 1972,1977, and
1979 respectively and therefore, data on projects by size are not entirely
comparable from year to year. |
Projects Under Construction refer to projects having construction and installation activities
undertaken in the reference period, including projects started in the
reference period, or continued from the previous period, or completed and put
into production or suspended in the reference period. |
Projects Completed and Put into Use Industrial projects refer to the major projects and accessory
facilities completed which result in forming production capacity and have
been checked and accepted while the living and welfare facilities have been
completed and can ensure normal production and formally put into production.
Non-industrial projects refer to the major projects and accessory facilities
completed which possess the designed capacity and have been checked, accepted
and formally put into production. |
Newly Increased Production Capacity refers to the increase of designed capacity and project
efficiency through investment in fixed assets, which reflects the
accomplishment of investment in fixed assets in kind. The calculation of
newly increased production capacity is based on individual project which
operates independently and efficiently. When an individual project is
completed and checked and accepted and put into production, it is counted as
newly increased production capacity. |
The newly increased production capacity and project
efficiency are usually expressed in one of the following forms: |
(1)annual production capacity, such as extraction of coal
and petroleum; |
(2)raw material processing capacity, such as ore dressing
capacity of ore dressing projects, the dressing capacity of a coal washery; |
(3)number or capacity of major equipment increased, such
as the number of cotton spindles increased and the capacity of generating
sets increased; |
(4)physical measures of
construction, such as volume, capacity, area, and length, for instance, the
capacity of reservoirs, the length of railways or highways. |
Newly increased production capacity in terms of quantity is calculated in designed capacity in general,which refers to the production capacity of a project under normal conditions designed in construction documents regardless of the actual output. |
Floor Space of Buildings Under Construction and Completed refers to total floor space in each story of buildings calculated from the outside line of building walls,including both usable
space and the space occupied by constructions like pillars or walls.The floor space
of
multi-story buildings includes the total floor space of each story
(including basement). |
Floor Space of Residential
Buildings refers to the floor space of the
residential buildings under construction and completed among the total space
of buildings under construction and completed. |
Floor Space Under Construction refers to total floor
space of all buildings under construction during the reference period,
including floor space of newly started buildings during the reference period,
floor space of construction extended from the previous period to the current
period, floor space of construction suspended during the previous period and
resumed in the current period, floor space of construction completed in the
current period, and floor space of construction started and then suspended in
the current period.Floor Space of Buildings Completed refers to the floor space of buildings completed in the reference period, which
have come up to the designed standards and have been put into use. |
Completion Rate of Floor Space of Buildings refers to the ratio of the floor space of buildings completed in certain period of time to the floor space of buildings under construction in the same period,which reflects the investment result and economic efficiency of the construction industry from the angle
of the speed of project construction. |
Newly Increased Fixed Assets
refer
to
the newly increased value of fixed assets through investment,including the value of
projects completed and put into production, the value of equipment,tools,and vessels considered as fixed assets,as well as the relevant expenses as investment in fixed assets. This is a comprehensive indicator of investment in fixed assets,reflecting the achievements
of investment in fixed assets in different periods,different sectors,and different regions. |
Rate of Construction Projects Completed and Put into Use refers to the ratio of the number of construction projects completed and put into
use in certain period of time to the number of projects under construction in
the
same
period. This reflects the investment efficiency from the angle
of the speed of projects construction.Rate of Projects of Fixed Assets Completed and Put into Operation refers to the ratio of the newly increased fixed assets to the total investment made in the same period. This is a comprehensive indicator,reflecting the speed of the
employment of fixed assets and the investment efficiency. |