2-5 Indicators
on Proportions and Efficiency in National Economic and Social Development |
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Item |
1985 |
1990 |
1995 |
1999 |
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Population and Employment |
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Population |
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Birth
Rate
(¡ë) |
21.04 |
21.06 |
17.12 |
15.23 |
Death
Rate
(¡ë) |
6.78 |
6.67 |
6.57 |
6.46 |
Natural Growth
Rate
(¡ë) |
14.26 |
14.39 |
10.55 |
8.77 |
Employment |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Dependency
Ratio |
1.12 |
0.79 |
0.78 |
0.78 |
Employment
Ratio by Type of Industry |
¡¡ |
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¡¡ |
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(Employment in primary industry=100) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Primary Industry |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
Secondary Industry |
33.5 |
35.5 |
44.1 |
45.9 |
Tertiary Industry |
26.8 |
30.8 |
47.5 |
53.7 |
Unemployment
Rate in Urban Areas
(%) |
1.8 |
2.5 |
2.9 |
3.1 |
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Macro Economy |
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National Accounting |
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Ratio of
Value-added by Type of Industry |
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(Value added in primary industry=100) |
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Primary Industry |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
Secondary Industry |
152.1 |
153.8 |
238.0 |
279.6 |
Tertiary Industry |
100.6 |
115.9 |
149.6 |
187.0 |
Overall Labor
Productivity
(yuan/person) |
1797 |
2902 |
8606 |
11604 |
Primary Industry |
817 |
1306 |
3381 |
4088 |
Secondary Industry |
3711 |
5652 |
18261 |
24896 |
Tertiary Industry |
3061 |
4915 |
10651 |
14239 |
Per Capita
GDP
(yuan) |
853 |
1634 |
4854 |
6534 |
Investment in Fixed Assets |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Proportion of
Investment in fixed Assets to |
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GDP
(%) |
20.2 |
24.4 |
34.2 |
36.4 |
Rate of Total
Floor Space of Buildings |
82.0 |
78.6 |
67.7 |
71.2 |
Completed in Construction
(%) |
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¡¡ |
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Rate of Fixed
Assets Completed in Capital |
68.2 |
80.0 |
63.7 |
76.4 |
Construction
and Put into Use
(%) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Rate of
Projects Completed in Capital |
50.7 |
53.8 |
57.0 |
58.8 |
Construction and Put into Use
(%) |
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Finance |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Proportion of
Government Revenue to GDP (%) |
22.4 |
15.8 |
10.7 |
14.0 |
Proportion of Government Expenditures
to |
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GDP
(%) |
22.4 |
16.6 |
11.7 |
16.1 |
Proportion of Local Government Revenue
to |
160.5 |
196.0 |
91.7 |
95.7 |
Central Government
Revenue
(%) |
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¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Proportion of Local Government
Expenditure |
152 |
207 |
242 |
218 |
to
Central Government Expenditure
(%) |
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¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Proportion of Extra-budgetary Receipt
to |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Government Revenue
(%) |
76.3 |
92.2 |
38.6 |
31.2 |
Price Index |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Overall Industrial
and Farm Products Price |
66.6 |
62.8 |
52.0 |
66.1 |
Parity Index
(use 1978=100 index) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Utilization of Foreign Capital |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Proportion of
Foreign Capital Actually Used to |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Total Amount
of Foreign Capital for Utilization |
47.1 |
85.1 |
46.6 |
101.2 |
by Signed Contracts or Agreements (%) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Production and Consumption of Energy |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Elasticity
Ratio of Energy Production |
0.73 |
0.58 |
0.83 |
- |
Elasticity Ratio
of Energy Consumption |
0.60 |
0.47 |
0.66 |
- |
Energy
Consumption per 10 000 yuan GDP(ton) |
8.6 |
5.2 |
2.2 |
1.5 |
Agriculture |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Per |
0.09 |
0.08 |
0.08 |
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Cultivated
Land per Agricultural Laborer(hectare) |
0.33 |
0.29 |
0.29 |
¡¡ |
Total Power of
Agricultural Machinery per |
2.09 |
3 |
3.8 |
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Hectare of Cultivated Land
(kw) |
¡¡ |
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Electric Power
Consumption per hectare of |
510 |
883 |
1743 |
¡¡ |
Cultivated Land
(kwh) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Chemical
Fertilizer Consumption per Hectare |
178 |
271 |
378 |
¡¡ |
of
Cultivated Land
(kg) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Agricultural
Output Value per Hectare of |
2510 |
5178 |
12514 |
¡¡ |
Cultivated Land
(yuan) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Output of Farm
Products per Agricultural |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Laborer
(kg) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Grain |
1222 |
1357 |
1435 |
1551 |
Cotton |
13.4 |
13.7 |
14.7 |
11.7 |
Oil-bearing Crops |
50.9 |
49.1 |
69.2 |
79.4 |
Meat |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
181.5 |
Aquatic Products |
22.7 |
37.6 |
77.4 |
125.8 |
Output of Farm
Crops per Hectare of Sown |
¡¡ |
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Area
(kg) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Grain |
3483 |
3933 |
4240 |
4493 |
Cotton |
810 |
810 |
879 |
1028 |
Oil-bearing Crops |
1338 |
1480 |
1572 |
1871 |
Economic Efficiency of Industry |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Ratio of Total
Assets to Industrial Output Value (%) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
9.19 |
7.45 |
Assets-Liability Ratio
(%) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
65.31 |
61.83 |
Ratio of
Profits to Industrial Cost
(%) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
3.21 |
3.42 |
Number of
Times of Annual of Turnover |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
1.58 |
1.47 |
Circulating Funds
(times/year) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Overall Labor
Productivity
(yuan/person-year) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
18477 |
37148 |
Construction |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Value of
Machinery per Laborer
(yuan/person) |
¡¡ |
2467 |
4264 |
5756 |
Ratio of
Per-tax Profits to Gross Output Value (%) |
¡¡ |
5.4 |
4.2 |
4.4 |
Overall Labor
Productivity
(yuan/person) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
(in terms of gross output value per
employee) |
¡¡ |
13109 |
38680 |
53328 |
Transportation |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Elasticity of
Passenger Traffic |
1.26 |
- |
0.69 |
0.15 |
Elasticity of
Freight Traffic |
0.3 |
- |
0.44 |
0.28 |
Railway
Density
(km/10000 sq.km) |
54 |
56 |
57 |
60 |
Highway
Density
(km/10000 sq.km) |
982 |
1071 |
1205 |
1408 |
Railway
Freight Traffic Density
(ton/km) |
25088 |
28217 |
30376 |
28877 |
Highway
Freight Traffic Density
(ton/km) |
5709 |
7041 |
8128 |
7327 |
Cargo Handled
at Seaports per Berth (10 000 tons) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
84 |
50 |
63 |
76 |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Elasticity of
Postal and Telecommunications Services |
1.35 |
33.15 |
4.16 |
5.21 |
Access to
Telephones, National |
0.6 |
1.1 |
4.7 |
13.0 |
(set/100 persons) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Access to Telephones, Urban (set/100 persons) |
3.2 |
6.4 |
15.8 |
19.2 |
Domestic Trade |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Per Capita Retail
Sales of Consumer Goods (yuan) |
17681 |
25852 |
50213 |
66272 |
Foreign Trade |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Proportion of
Total Imports & Exports to |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
GDP
(%) |
23.1 |
30 |
40.2 |
36.5 |
International Tourism |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Expenditure
per International Tourist in |
70 |
81 |
188 |
194 |
|
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Finance and Insurance |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Bank Deposits
as Percentage of GDP
(%) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
|
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
132.8 |
Bank Loans as
Percentage of GDP
(%) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
|
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
114.4 |
Proportion of Cash Outlay
to Cash Receipt |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
in State Banking System
(%) |
103.6 |
101.7 |
100.6 |
101.0 |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Education, Science and Technology and
Culture |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Education |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Rate of
School-age Children Enrollment
(%) |
96.0 |
97.8 |
98.5 |
99.1 |
Rate of
Graduates of Primary Schools |
68.4 |
74.6 |
90.8 |
94.4 |
Entering Junior Secondary Schools
(%) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Rate of
Graduates of Junior Secondary |
41.7 |
40.6 |
48.3 |
50.0 |
Schools Entering Senior Secondary Schools (%) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Student-teacher Ratio(in percentage)
(%) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Colleges and Universities |
5.0 |
5.2 |
7.2 |
9.7 |
Secondary Schools |
17.2 |
14.6 |
15.9 |
17.4 |
Primary Schools |
24.9 |
21.9 |
23.3 |
23.1 |
Science and Technology |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
R&D
Expenditures as Percentage of GDP
(%) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
0.71 |
0.60 |
0.83 |
Culture |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Number of
Troupes per Million Persons |
3.13 |
2.45 |
2.21 |
2.09 |
Number of
Public Libraries per Million Persons |
2.21 |
2.21 |
2.16 |
2.20 |
Number of
Museums per Million Persons |
0.67 |
0.89 |
0.99 |
1.08 |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Family, People's Livelihood and
Environment |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Family |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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Dependency
Ratio of Children
(%) |
43.73* |
41.52 |
40.16 |
34.99 |
Dependency
Ratio of the Aged
(%) |
8.33* |
8.37 |
10.06 |
11.15 |
Marriages and Divorces |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Divorce
Rate
(¡ë) |
0.88 |
1.38 |
1.75 |
1.91 |
People's Livelihood |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Proportion of
Growth Rate of Annual Income of |
0.36 |
0.46 |
0.67 |
0.70 |
Urban Residents to the
Growth Rate of Annual |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Net Income of Rural Residents
(1978=100) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Welfare |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Insurance
& Welfare Funds of Staff and |
24.0 |
31.8 |
29.2 |
¡¡ |
Workers as Percentage of Total Wages
(%) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Proportion of
the Number of Workers Who Have |
13.2 |
16.4 |
20.8 |
31.7 |
Retired or Resigned to the Number of |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Employed Ones
(%) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Health Care |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Number of
Hospitals per 10 000 Persons
(unit) |
0.56 |
0.55 |
0.56 |
0.53 |
Number of
Doctors per 10 000 Persons
(unit) |
13.3 |
15.4 |
15.8 |
16.7 |
Number of
Hospital Beds per 10 000 Persons (unit) |
21.1 |
23 |
23.4 |
23.9 |
Utilization
Rate of Hospital Beds
(%) |
82.7 |
80.9 |
66.9 |
59.8 |
City Construction |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Percentage of
Households with Access to Tap Water(%) |
81.0 |
89.2 |
93.0 |
96.3 |
Percentage of
Households with Access to Tap Gas (%) |
22.4 |
42.2 |
70.0 |
81.7 |
Public Green
Areas per 10 000 Persons(hectare) |
13.7 |
32.2 |
36.7 |
38.6 |
Environment and Disasters |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Average Loss
of per Fire Disaster
(yuan) |
8121 |
8932 |
29022 |
7968 |
Average Loss
of per Traffic Accident
(yuan) |
676 |
1413 |
5601 |
5145 |
Average Loss
per Pollution Accident
(yuan) |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
50549 |
35382 |
¡¡ |
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¡¡ |
a)Figures of dependency
ratio of children and the aged with (*) were data in 1987. |
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b)Since 1993, data on extrabudgetary receipt excluded the revenue of
state-owned enterprises and their responsible departments. |