Communiqué on Major Data of the First National Economic Census of China (No. 2)

National Bureau of Statistics of China　2006-03-03 10:30:00

COMMUNIQUÉ ON MAJOR DATA OF THE FIRST NATIONAL
ECONOMIC CENSUS OF CHINA

(No. 2)

Office of the Leading Group of the State Council for
the First National Economic Census

National Bureau of Statistics of China

December 14, 2005

This Communiqué contains data on the secondary industry as a result of the First National Economic Census of China.

I. Industry

1. Number of enterprises and employees

By the end of 2004, the country had 1.451 million industrial corporations hiring 96.438 million employees [1] and 5.323 million industrial individual and household enterprises employing 25.658 million workers.

Of the industrial corporations, 0.03million are state-owned and state sole funded enterprises, or 2.1 percent of the total, 0.152million are collective-owned enterprises, or 10.5 percent, 0.947million are private enterprises, or 65.2 percent, 0.059 million are enterprises with investment from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, or 4.1 percent, 0.055million are foreign-funded enterprises, or 3.8 percent, and 0.208million are enterprises of other types of ownership, or 14.3 percent.

Of the total employees in industrial corporations, 13.3 percent were employed by state-owned and state sole funded enterprises, 7.6 percent by collective-owned enterprises, 21.3 percent by enterprises with investment from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and foreign-funded enterprises, 35.0 percent by private enterprises and 22.8 percent by enterprises of other types of ownership (see table 1).

Table 1 Number of industrial corporations and employees by type of ownership
	Corporate Units (10 000)	Employees (10 000)
Total	145.1	9643.8
State-owned	2.8	921.0
Collective-owned	15.2	729.8
Share-holding Cooperatives	5.2	212.4
State-joint	0.1	10.3
Collective-joint	0.3	15.1
Joint State-collective	0.1	10.1
Other joint ownership	0.2	10.9
State sole funded	0.2	370.7
Other limited liability corporations	10.5	1356.5
Share-holding limited	1.8	516.9
Private enterprises	94.7	3370.9
Other domestic-funded	2.5	61.3
Enterprises with investment from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan	5.9	1070.3
Foreign-funded	5.5	987.6

Of the industrial corporations, 0.082million are engaged in mining and quarrying, 1.329 million in manufacturing, and 0.04million in production and supply of electricity, gas and water, accounting for 5.7 percent, 91.6 percent and 2.7 percent of the total respectively.

Of the employment in industrial corporations, 9.2 percent of employees work in mining and quarrying, 87.0 percent in manufacturing, and 3.8 percent in production and supply of electricity, gas and water. The three top-ranking industries in the number of employees are: manufacture of non-metallic minerals, manufacture of textiles, and coal mining and washing, hiring 9.0 percent, 8.2 percent and 5.7 percent of the total employees (see table 2).

Table 2 Number of Industrial Corporations and employees by industrial sector
	Corporate Unite (10 000)	Employees (10 000)
Total	145.1	9643.8
Mining and quarrying	8.2	888.8
Mining and washing of coal	2.8	552.4
Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas	0.1	99.4
Mining of ferrous metal	1.1	62.3
Mining of non-ferrous metal	0.7	57.3
Mining of non-metallic minerals	3.7	116.6
Other mining and quarrying	0.0	0.8
Manufacturing	132.9	8390.5
Processing of agriculture and related products	7.4	313.0
Manufacture of food products	3.2	170.0
Manufacture of beverages	2.7	127.6
Manufacture of tobacco products	0.0	20.0
Manufacture of textiles	8.7	790.7
Manufacture of wearing apparel, footwear and headwear	5.2	504.0
Manufacture of leather, fur and down and related products	2.4	288.1
Manufacture of wood, and articles of wood, bamboo, cane, palm fiber and straw	4.2	168.5
Manufacture of furniture	2.5	115.2
Manufacture of paper and paper products	4.2	210.1
Printing, reproduction of recorded media	4.3	131.8
Manufacture of culture, education and sport articles	1.5	153.9
Processing of coke, refined petroleum products and nuclear fuel	0.8	80.8
Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products	8.0	458.1
Manufacture of pharmaceutical products	1.2	136.9
Manufacture of chemical fibers	0.4	44.1
Manufacture of rubber products	1.6	113.9
Manufacture of plastics products	7.3	302.2
Manufacture of non-metallic mineral products	16.6	872.5
Smelting and pressing of ferrous metals	2.2	312.6
Smelting and pressing of non-ferrous metals	1.6	151.7
Manufacture of metallic products	8.6	363.5
Manufacture of general equipment	11.9	543.9
Manufacture of special equipment	5.8	320.9
Manufacture of transport equipment	5.7	443.6
Manufacture of electrical machinery and apparatus	6.3	459.5
Manufacture of communication equipment, computer and other electronic devices	2.9	457.9
Manufacture of instruments, and machinery for culture and office use	1.8	119.0
Manufacture of arts and crafts n.e.c	3.4	207.5
Recycle and processing of waste or used resources and materials	0.4	8.8
Production and supply of electricity, gas and water	4.0	364.5
Production and supply of electricity and thermo power	2.6	287.1
Production and supply of gas	0.2	17.9
Production and supply of water	1.2	59.5

2. Output of main industrial products

See table 3 for output of main industrial products in 2004.

Table 3 Output of main industrial products
	Unit	Output
Coal	10 000 tons	199232.4
Crude petroleum	10 000 tons	17587.3
Cigarettes	100 million cigarettes	18736.3
Yarn	10 000 tons	1291.3
Sulfuric acid(100% equivalent)	10 000 tons	3928.9
Soda ash(100% equivalent)	10 000 tons	1041.1
Caustic ash	10 000 tons	1334.7
Ethene	10 000 tons	629.9
Chemical fertilizer (effective content equivalent)	10 000 tons	4804.8
Cement	10 000 tons	96682.0
Plate glass	10 000 weight cases	37026.2
Steel	10 000 tons	28291.1
Steel products	10 000 tons	31975.7
Alumina	10 000 tons	697.9
Metal-cutting Machine tools	10 000 units	48.7
Motor vehicles	10 000 units	509.1
Household refrigerators	10 000 units	3007.6
Air conditioners	10 000 units	6390.3
Program control switchboards	10 000 lines	7625.2
Computers	10 000 units	9.7
Micro-computers	10 000 units	5974.9
Integrated circuits	100 million units	235.5
Color TV sets	10 000 sets	7431.8
Power generation	100 gigawatt hour	22033.1

3. Energy consumption

See table 4 for total energy consumption by category of commodity in industrial enterprises in 2004.

Table 4 Total energy consumption by commodity in industrial enterprises
	Unit	Total consumption
Coal	10 000 tons	180845.3
Coke	10 000 tons	16700.0
Coke oven gas	100 million cube meters	291.6
Blast furnace gas	100 million cube meters	1845.7
Other coal gas	100 million cube meters	123.7
Natural gas	100 million cube meters	299.5
Crude petroleum	10 000 tons	28600.5
Gasoline	10 000 tons	508.2
Kerosene	10 000 tons	61.8
Diesel	10 000 tons	1722.3
Fuel oil	10 000 tons	3197.5
LPG	10 000 tons	491.6
Refinery gas	10 000 tons	826.4
Thermo power	1010 Joule	151543.7
Electricity	100 gigawatt hour	16196.8

4. Assets, liabilities and equity

By the end of 2004,industrial corporations registered a total of 24,070.68 billion yuan worth of assets and 13,678.50 billion yuan worth of liabilities, resulting in 10,392.17 billion yuan equity[2](see table 5).

Asset-liability ratio is 48.8 percent for industrial corporations in mining and quarrying and 37.0 percent for those in extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas. It is 58.3 percent for manufacturing, and 37.2 percent for manufacture of tobacco products. The ratio is 53.7 percent for production and supply of electricity, gas and water.

Table 5 Assets, liabilities and equity of industrial corporations by industrial sector
Unit: 100 million yuan
	Total Assets	Total Liabilities	Total equity
Total	240706.8	136785.0	103921.7
Mining and quarrying	16975.8	8276.0	8699.8
Mining and washing of coal	7801.7	4535.7	3266.0
Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas	6110.4	2260.0	3850.4
Mining of ferrous metal	1052.2	479.3	572.9
Mining of non-ferrous metal	891.3	470.0	421.4
Mining of non-metallic mineral products	1109.3	524.8	584.6
Other mining and quarrying	10.9	6.4	4.5
Manufacturing	181497.7	105822.6	75675.1
Processing of agriculture and related products	6200.8	3673.3	2527.5
Manufacture of food	3400.7	1886.7	1514.0
Manufacture of beverages	3765.2	2088.5	1676.7
Manufacture of tobacco products	3020.8	1122.5	1898.3
Manufacture of textiles	10777.7	6714.2	4063.6
Manufacture of wearing apparel, footwear and headwear	3556.8	1972.9	1583.9
Manufacture of leather, fur and down and related products	2014.9	1146.4	868.6
Manufacture of wood, articles of wood, bamboo, cane, palm fiber and straw	1711.4	911.8	799.6
Manufacture of furniture	1253.3	690.5	562.8
Manufacture of paper and paper products	4904.1	2998.4	1905.7
Printing, reproduction of recorded media	2205.9	1108.7	1097.2
Manufacture of culture, education and sport articles	1139.7	598.9	540.8
Processing of coke, refined petroleum products, and nuclear fuel	5326.7	2846.9	2479.8
Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products	14126.7	7893.6	6233.1
Manufacture of pharmaceutical products	5282.5	2731.0	2551.5
Manufacture of chemical fibers	2254.3	1339.4	914.9
Manufacture of rubber products	2088.0	1272.7	815.3
Manufacture of plastics products	5083.0	2825.5	2257.5
Manufacture of non-metallic mineral products	11627.9	6618.3	5009.6
Smelting and pressing of ferrous metal	16130.6	9676.4	6454.1
Smelting and pressing of non-ferrous metal	5700.7	3652.4	2048.3
Manufacture of metallic products	5535.4	3235.2	2300.2
Manufacture of general equipment	10672.9	6602.3	4070.6
Manufacture of special equipment	6844.5	4222.6	2621.9
Manufacture of transport equipment	15455.0	9095.5	6359.5
Manufacture of electrical machinery and apparatus	10628.8	6415.7	4213.1
Manufacture of communication equipment, computer and other electronic devices	16655.3	10174.2	6481.1
Manufacture of instruments, and machinery for culture and office use	2243.7	1280.9	962.8
Manufacture of arts and crafts n.e.c	1729.2	931.8	797.5
Recycle and processing of waste or used resources and materials	161.1	95.3	65.7
Production and supply of electricity, gas and water	42233.3	22686.4	19546.9
Production and supply of electricity and thermo power	37983.2	20754.2	17229.0
Production and supply of gas	1179.9	554.4	625.5
Production and supply of water	3070.2	1377.9	1692.3

5. Business revenue and gross profits from principal activity

In 2004, business revenue from principal activity of all industrial corporations totaled 21,844.28 billion yuan, of which that from mining accounts for 5.6 percent, manufacturing 86.8 percent, and production and supply of electricity, gas and water 7.6 percent. Seven industrial sectors with business revenue from principal activity of 1 trillion yuan or more are: manufacture of communication equipment, computer and other electronic devices, smelting and pressing of ferrous metal, production and supply of electricity and thermo power, manufacture of transport equipment, manufacture of chemicals and chemical products, manufacture of electrical machinery and apparatus, and manufacture of textiles.

Individual and household enterprises engaged in industrial activities earned a revenue of 2,531.6 billion yuan.

Gross profits from industrial corporations totaled 1,306.54 billion yuan, of which, gross profits from mining account for 19.6 percent, manufacturing 73.1 percent, and production and supply of electricity, gas and water 7.3 percent. Nine industrial sectors saw their gross profits exceed 50 billion yuan, i.e. extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas, smelting and pressing of ferrous metal, production and supply of electricity and thermo power, manufacture of chemicals and chemical products, manufacture of communication equipment, computer and other electronic devices, manufacture of transport equipment, manufacture of non-metallic mineral products, manufacture of general equipment, and manufacture of electrical machinery and apparatus (see table 6).

Table 6 Business revenue and gross profits from principal activity of industrial corporations by industrial sector
Unit: 100 million yuan
	Revenue from principal activity	Gross profits
Total	218442.8	13065.4
Mining and quarrying	12334.2	2557.5
Mining and washing of coal	4802.3	447.6
Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas	4541.4	1744.7
Mining of ferrous metal	971.2	146.4
Mining of non-ferrous metal	902.3	128.3
Mining of non-metallic mineral products	1106.7	90.0
Other mining and quarrying	10.3	0.5
Manufacturing	189519.7	9547.6
Processing of agriculture and related products	9282.8	333.7
Manufacture of food	3154.5	154.2
Manufacture of beverages	2673.2	171.6
Manufacture of tobacco products	2574.5	366.2
Manufacture of textiles	11237.1	317.8
Manufacture of wearing apparel, footwear and headwear	4445.4	173.1
Manufacture of leather, fur and down and related products	3003.1	118.3
Manufacture of wood, articles of wood, bamboo, cane, palm fiber and straw	1922.1	95.4
Manufacture of furniture	1446.6	69.0
Manufacture of paper and paper products	3806.4	182.9
Printing, reproduction of recorded media	1681.3	111.9
Manufacture of culture, education and sport articles	1379.3	47.5
Processing of coke, refined petroleum products, and nuclear fuel	9123.9	293.3
Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products	13702.9	932.3
Manufacture of pharmaceutical products	3139.2	264.3
Manufacture of chemical fibers	1932.7	47.0
Manufacture of rubber products	1951.3	84.4
Manufacture of plastics products	5118.4	219.0
Manufacture of non-metallic mineral products	9496.0	622.6
Smelting and pressing of ferrous metal	17434.6	1124.7
Smelting and pressing of non-ferrous metal	6179.9	313.0
Manufacture of metallic products	6108.9	284.2
Manufacture of general equipment	9750.1	552.7
Manufacture of special equipment	5616.2	287.4
Manufacture of transport equipment	14167.0	813.2
Manufacture of electrical machinery and apparatus	11633.2	526.5
Manufacture of communication equipment, computer and other electronic devices	22879.2	823.9
Manufacture of instruments, and machinery for culture and office use	2391.2	110.1
Manufacture of arts and crafts n.e.c	2034.7	98.4
Recycle and processing of waste or used resources and materials	254.0	9.1
Production and supply of electricity, gas and water	16588.6	960.3
Production and supply of electricity and thermo power	15461.9	937.4
Production and supply of gas	565.0	14.3
Production and supply of water	561.7	8.6

East, central and western China account for 72.5 percent, 16.8 percent and 10.7 percent of the total revenue from principal activity of industrial corporations in 2004. The top five provinces in the proportion of their revenue to the total revenue are: Guangdong with 14.1 percent, Jiangsu with 13.1 percent, Shandong with 10.9 percent, Zhejiang with 9.5 percent and Shanghai with 7.0 percent. Provinces that saw their gross industrial profits surpass 100 billion yuan include: Shandong, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai.

6. Corporate science and technology activities

By the end of 2004, 32924 industrial enterprises above designated size[3] carried out science and technology activities[4], or 11.9 percent of the total. About 38.4 percent of large and medium-sized enterprises and 9.0 percent of small enterprises conducted such activities. These activities were more concentrated in the east of the country as 71.6 percent of enterprises conducting science and technology activities are in this region. in the central and the west of China, enterprises conducting science and technology activities account for 17.2 and 11.2 percent respectively.

Industrial enterprises above designated size invested 240.21 billion yuan in science and technology activities in 2004, of which, 96.57 billion yuan were used for development of new products, or 40.2 percent of the total investment. Science and technology staff numbered 1.838 million. Among them, scientists and engineers counted 1.064 million, accounting for 57.9 percent.

Of the investment in science and technology activities, about 110.45 billion yuan were earmarked for research and development (R&D), symbol of corporate independent innovation capacity, or an investment intensity [5] of 0.56 percent. Large and medium-sized enterprises invested 95.44 billion yuan in R&D, with an investment intensity of 0.71 percent.

Three industrial sectors with over 10 billion yuan of investment in R&D activities include: manufacture of communication equipment, computer and other electronic devices, manufacture of transport equipment, and manufacture of electrical machinery and apparatus. Four industrial sectors that had the investment intensity above 1 percent are: manufacture of pharmaceutical products, manufacture of communication equipment, computer and other electronic devices, manufacture of transport equipment, and manufacture of electrical machinery and apparatus (see table 7).

Table 7 Investment in R&D by industrial enterprises above designated size by sector
	Investment (100 million yuan)	Investment intensity (%)
Total	1104.5	0.56
Mining and quarrying	50.2	0.47
Mining and washing of coal	25.9	0.62
Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas	21.9	0.49
Mining of ferrous metal	0.3	0.05
Mining of non-ferrous metal	1.3	0.17
Mining of non-metallic mineral products	0.7	0.13
Manufacturing	1041.3	0.61
Processing of agriculture and related products	9.6	0.12
Manufacture of food	7.9	0.28
Manufacture of beverages	12.7	0.53
Manufacture of tobacco products	5.3	0.20
Manufacture of textiles	29.6	0.30
Manufacture of wearing apparel, footwear and headwear	6.0	0.16
Manufacture of leather, fur and down and related products	2.7	0.10
Manufacture of wood, articles of wood, bamboo, cane, palm fiber and straw	2.8	0.21
Manufacture of furniture	2.0	0.18
Manufacture of paper and paper products	9.6	0.30
Printing, reproduction of recorded media	2.7	0.23
Manufacture of culture, education and sport articles	3.4	0.28
Processing of coke, refined petroleum products, and nuclear fuel	11.0	0.12
Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products	83.3	0.66
Manufacture of pharmaceutical products	38.8	1.28
Manufacture of chemical fibers	8.8	0.47
Manufacture of rubber products	11.0	0.63
Manufacture of plastics products	12.4	0.30
Manufacture of non-metallic mineral products	20.6	0.29
Smelting and pressing of ferrous metal	90.7	0.53
Smelting and pressing of non-ferrous metal	24.1	0.41
Manufacture of metallic products	11.6	0.23
Manufacture of general equipment	64.6	0.80
Manufacture of special equipment	48.5	0.99
Manufacture of transport equipment	136.7	1.02
Manufacture of electrical machinery and apparatus	108.5	1.00
Manufacture of communication equipment, computer and other electronic devices	249.7	1.11
Manufacture of instruments, and machinery for culture and office use	21.5	0.98
Manufacture of arts and crafts n.e.c	5.0	0.32
Recycle and processing of waste or used resources and materials	0.1	0.04
Production and supply of electricity, gas and water	13.0	0.08
Production and supply of electricity and thermo power	11.8	0.08
Production and supply of gas	0.2	0.04
Production and supply of water	1.0	0.20

Investment in R&D in east, central and west of China accounts for 76.4, 14.2 and 9.4 percent of the total investment in the country. Provinces that invested over 10 billion yuan in R&D are: Guangdong, Jiangsu and Shandong.

Industrial enterprises above designated size achieved an output value of 2,304.2 billion yuan for new products [6], or 11.4 percent of the total output value of industrial enterprises above designated size in 2004. About 64569 applications for patents were filed, of which 20,456 were invention patents, accounting for 31.7 percent of the total. Expenditures on technical transformation, technology introduction and assimilation were 295.3 billion, 39.7 billion and 6.1 billion yuan respectively.

II. Construction

1. Number of enterprises and employees

By the end of 2004, the country had 0.128million corporations in construction hiring 27.914 million employees and 0.565million individual and household enterprises engaging 4.616 million employees in the sector.

Of the construction corporations, 9,500 are state-owned and state sole funded enterprises, accounting for 7.4 percent, 0.0149million are collective-owned enterprises, or 11.6 percent, 0.0669million are private enterprises, or 52.2 percent; 800 are enterprises with fund from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, or 0.6 percent, 800 are foreign-funded enterprises, or 0.6 percent and 0.0351million are enterprises of other types of ownership, or 27.6 percent.

Of the employment in construction corporations, 17.4 percent work in state-owned and state sole funded enterprises, 12.9 percent in collective-owned enterprises, 26.0 percent in private enterprises, 33.0 percent in other limited liability corporations, 10.7 percent in other (see table 8).

Of the construction corporations, 44.3 percent are engaged in dwelling and civil engineering construction, 18.3 percent in construction installation, 29.3 percent in decoration and 8.1 percent in other construction activities.

Table 8 Number of construction corporations and employees by type of ownership
	Corporate units (10 000)	Employees (10 000)
Total	12.82	2791.43
State-owned	0.90	448.76
Collective-owned	1.49	360.68
Share-holding Cooperatives	0.27	70.63
State-joint	0.01	2.12
Collective-joint	0.02	2.92
Joint state-collective	0.01	4.85
Other joint ownership	0.02	5.13
State sole funded	0.05	37.08
Other limited liability corporations	2.62	920.25
Share-holding limited	0.39	186.39
Private enterprises	6.69	726.83
Other domestic-funded