by National Bureau of Statistics

Ministry of Science and Technology

and Ministry of Finance

October 20, 2003

China's science and technology input kept on growing fast in 2002. The financial allocation from State Treasury to the science and technology was being increased stably, the science and technology input of enterprises enjoyed a faster growth, and the R&D expenditure hit a new record.

I. Raising and utilization of funds for scientific and technical activities

In 2002, the total amount raised for scientific and technical activities was RMB 293.8 billion yuan, an increase of RMB 34.86 billion yuan over the previous year, and up by 13.5%.

The total expenditure of scientific and technical activities in China was RMB 267.15 billion yuan in 2002, an increase of RMB 35.9 billion yuan over the previous year, and up by 15.5%. The average expenditure of personnel engaged in scientific and technical activities was RMB 83,000 yuan per capital, up by nearly 10,000 yuan over the previous year.

In view of different executing divisions, the expenditure of enterprises on scientific and technical activities was RMB 178.78 billion yuan, up by 17.3% over the previous year, that of state scientific institutions with independent accounting was RMB 62.02 billion yuan, up by 14.4%, and that of institutions of higher learning was RMB 20.42 billion yuan, up by 23.1%. The proportion of the expenditure of enterprises, state scientific research institutes with independent accounting and institutions of higher learning on scientific and technical activities was 66.9%, 23.2% and 7.6% respectively in the total expenditure.

In view of the expenditure usage, the labor cost of personnel engaged in scientific and technical activities was RMB 65.46 billion yuan, up by 19.2% over the previous year, and 24.5% of the total expenditure of scientific and technical activities; the fixed assets purchase and construction cost is RMB 72.26 billion yuan, up by 4.4% over the previous year, and 27% of the total expenditure.

In view of regions, places where the expenditure of scientific and technical activities exceeded RMB 10 billion yuan included Beijing, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Shandong, Liaoning, Zhejiang and Sichuan, whose total expenditure was RMB 181.87 billion yuan, 66.7% of the total expenditure on scientific and technical activities in the whole country.

II. R&D Expenditure

In 2002, the total R&D expenditure was RMB 128.76 billion yuan, an increase of RMB 24.52 billion yuan over the previous year, and up by 23.5%, which was 1.23% of the GDP of the year. The average expenditure of personnel engaged in R&D was RMB 124,000 yuan per capita, an increase of RMB 15,000 yuan over the previous year.

In view of research types, the expenditure of fundamental research was RMB 7.38 billion yuan, up by 32.7% over the previous year, that of applied research was RMB 24.67 billion yuan, up by 33.4%, and that on experimental development was RMB 96.72 billion yuan, up by 20.6%. The proportion of fundamental research, applied research and experimental development was 5.7%, 19.2% and 75.1% respectively.

In view of executive agencies, the expenditure of enterprises was RMB 78.78 billion yuan, up by 25.0% over the previous year, that of state scientific research institutes with independent accounting was RMB 35.13 billion yuan, up by 21.8%, and that of institutions of higher learning was RMB 13.05 billion yuan, up by 27.5%. The R&D expenditure of enterprises, state scientific research institutes with independent accounting, and institutions of higher learning took 61.2%, 27.3% and 10.1% of the national total expenditure, and the subject status of enterprises on R&D investment was further consolidated.

In view of different industries, the R&D input intensity (the proportion of R&D expenditure to the sales income) was over 1%, wherein that of the electric machinery and equipment manufacturing industry was 1.8%，that of the electronic and communication equipment manufacturing reached 1.7%，that of  conventional machinery manufacturing and specialized facility manufacturing industry reached 1.3%, that of transport and communication facilities manufacturing industry, instruments and meters and office mechanically manufacturing and rubber production industry reached 1.2%, and that of medicine manufacturing industry reached 1.1%.

In view of regions, places where the R&D expenditure exceeded RMB 5 billion yuan included Beijing, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Shandong, Liaoning, Sichuan, Shanxi and Zhejiang, and the total expenditure was RMB 94 billion yuan, 72.5% of the total expenditure of R&D in the whole country.

III. Financial appropriations to science and technology

The total amount of financial appropriations to science and technology in 2002 was RMB 81.62 billion yuan, an increase of RMB 11.29 billion yuan over the previous year, up by 16.1%, and 3.7% of the total national finance expenditure. Among the financial appropriations to science and technology, RMB 51.12 billion yuan was allocate from the state revenue, up by 15.0% over the previous year, 7.5% of the total state revenue expenditure; RMB 30.5 billion yuan was allocated from the local finance, up by 17.8% over the previous year, and 2.0% of the local financial charges.

State Financial appropriations to science and technology in 2002

Annexed Table 1 2002 Expenditure of Different Regions on Scientific and Technical Activities

Attached List 2. Expenditure of R&D in Different Regions in 2002

Attached List 3. Local Financial Appropriation to Science and Technology in 2002