Statistical Communiqué on Labor and Social Security in 2004
Statistical Communiqué
of the People's Republic of
on Labor and Social Security in 2004
Ministry of Labor and Social Security National Bureau of Statistics
of the People’s Republic of
In 2004, under the correct leadership of the Central Party Committee and the State Council, labor and social security works had been pushed entirely. Employment and reemployment works had made a remarkable achievements, ‘Two Guarantees’ were strengthened continuously, the coverage of social security was expanded further, the construction of social security system was progressed steadily, the legal rights and interests of the labors were safeguarded effectively, the legal construction of social security strengthened, the basic construction of social security made a new step.
I. Labor Employment
By the end of 2004, the total employees of the whole country were 752 million, up by 7.68 million over the previous year. Of which, employees in the primary industry were 352.69 million, which was 46.9% of the total. Employees in the second industry were 169.2 million，22.5% of the total. Employees in the tertiary industry were 230.11 million，30.6% of the total. The urban employees were 264.76 million by the end of year, of which: 110.99 million in urban units, 55.15 million in urban private enterprises and self-employed individuals, which were increased by 1.29million and 5.93 million respectively compared with last year. Of the employment in the urban units, the on-post staff and workers were 105.76million, increased by 0.84 million.
About 9.8 million new jobs were provided to urban residents in the whole year, that was0.8million more than the expected goal. 5.1 million laid-off workers were reemployed. Among them, 1.4 million were “4050”s. Urban registered unemployment were 8.27 million by the end of 2004, and the Urban Registered Unemployment Rate was 4.2%， 0.1 percentage point lower than that in last year.
There were 1.53 million laid-off workers in the state-owned enterprises (Which included state joint state-state units and state funded corporations), 1.07million less than that by the end of last year. Among them, 0.92 million entered into reemployment centers received their full subsistence allowances on time, and their social insurances were paid by the centers.
The labor market information network was set up initially. Job supply-demand analyzing reports could be released every season in 117 cities. There were 33890 job agencies by the end of the year, Of this total, 23347 were public job agencies. 13.36 million person-times were placed in the public job agencies in 2004, up by 15.6％ over the previous year.
At the end of 2004, there were 2884 vocational schools and 2.34 million students in the whole country, which were increased by0.41 million students than that at the end of 2003. 2.65 million person-times oriented to the society were achieved by the vocational schools, up by 17% over the last year. At the end of 2004, there were 3323 employment training centers, 21425 vocational training institutions and14.88 million person-times were achieved in the whole year, up by 27.6%. 5.3 million un-employment and laid-off workers participated in the re-employment training programs. Of the total, 0.31 million participated in the opening-business training programs. There were 1.89 million graduates, who couldn’t keep their schooling in junior or senior middle schools, accepted the labor preparatory programs in the whole year.
There was 9458 occupational skill testing organizations by the end of 2004, up by 30.4 % over the last year, 0.2 million assessors working for it. 8.8 million was involved in the occupational skill test in 2004, an increase of 28% to last year. 7.36 million obtained their occupational skill certificates , up 26% to last year. The average pass rate of occupational skill test was 83.7% in 2004. 120,000 new technicians were trained in the whole year, 20,000 more than the expected goal.
II. Social Security
1. Pension Insurance
There were 46.75 million retirees by the end of 2004, 1.52 million increased to last year. Of the total, the terminated persons were 1.32 million, a decline of 90,000 persons to last year. The retirees were 45.43 million, an increase of 1.61 million to last year.
By the end of 2004, 163.53 million people were covered by the basic pension programs, a year-on-year increase of 8.47 million. Among them, 122.5 million were staff and workers, and 41.03 million were retirees, a year-on year increase of 6.04 million and 2.43 million respectively. By the end of 2004, 146.79 million people in enterprises were covered by the basic pension programs, an increase of 7.97 million.
Those retirees in enterprises received full pensions on time in the whole year. 34.3 million enterprise retirees were involved in socialized management, an increase of 4.97 million to last year. The socialized management rate of the enterprises retirees at the end of 2004 was 93.2%, up by 8.7 percentage points. 21.66 million enterprises retirees were involved in community management, 58.9% of the total enterprises retirees.
The gross revenue of the basic pension insurance in 2004 was 425.8 billion Yuan, up by 15.7%. Among the total, 358.5 billion Yuan came from levy, up by 17.8%. 61.4 billion Yuan came from government financial allowance at different level, of which, 52.2 billion Yuan form the central finance, while 9.2 billion Yuan from the local finance. The gross expense of the basic pension insurance in 2004 was 350.2 billion Yuan, up by 12.2%. The accumulative reserve of the basic pension insurance at the end of year was 297.5 billion Yuan.
By the end of year, 53.78 million people were covered by the rural social old-age insurance and 2.05 million farmers received their annuities in 2004. The accumulative reserve of the rural social old-age insurance was 28.5 billion Yuan.
2. Unemployment Insurance
By the end of year, 105.84 million people were covered by the unemployment insurance, an increase of 2.11 million to the last year. 4.19 million received the unemployment insurances, up by 40000 persons.
The revenue of unemployment insurance fund of the whole year was 29.1 billion Yuan, and the expense was 21.1 billion Yuan, an increase of 15.8% and 4.1% respectively. The accumulative reserve of the unemployment insurance fund was 38.6 billion Yuan.
3. Basic Medical Insurance
By the end of year, 124.04 million people were covered by the basic medical insurance, up by 15.02 million people year-on-year. Among them, 90.45 million were staff and workers, 33.59 million were retirees, an increase of 10.70 million and 4.32 million respectively.
The gross revenue of the basic medical insurance fund in 2004 was 114.1 billion Yuan and the expense was 86.2 billion Yuan, up by 28.1% and 31.6% respectively. Among them, 62.3 billion Yuan revenue came from contributors and the expense for the contributors was 46.4 billion Yuan, up by 20.5% and 22.5% respectively. The accumulative reserve of the basic hospitalization insurance fund at the year-end was 95.8 billion Yuan，of which 55.3 billion Yuan came from contributors, and a gross accumulation of 40.5 billion Yuan in the personal accounts.
4. Occupational Injury Insurance
The occupational injury insurance programs were initialized in most areas of the country. 68.45 million people were covered by the occupational injury insurance by the end of 2004, an increase of 22.7 million year-to-year. 0.52 million benefited from the occupational injury insurance, increased by 0.19 million to last year.
The gross revenue of the occupational injury insurance fund was 5.8 billion Yuan and the expense was 3.3 billion Yuan, an increase of 55.1% and 22.9% respectively. The accumulative reserve of the occupational injury insurance fund was 11.9 billion Yuan at the year-end.
5. Maternity Insurance
By the end of 2004, 43.84 million people were covered by the maternity insurance programs, an increase of 7.29 million year-to-year. 0.46 Million people benefited from it, an increase of 0.1 million person-times compared with last year.
The gross revenue of the maternity insurance fund was 3.2 billion Yuan, the expense was 1.9 billion Yuan, an increase of 24% and 39.3% respectively. The accumulative reserve of the maternity insurance fund was 5.6 billion Yuan.
6. Supervising the Social Insurance Fund
By the end of 2004, the social insurance supervision commission at the provincial level was established in 26 provinces. The measures for supervising and managing the fund were formulated. The works of anti-swindling social insurance were carried out in major provinces, the problems on illegally squatting or misappropriating the fund in very few areas was rectified and dealt with. The construction of annuity system in enterprises was further pushed and the provisional measures for enterprise annuity system and management of fund were formulated and promulgated.
7. Improved Urban Social Security System Pilot Project
Based on the experiences of pilot project in
III. Wages and Salaries
In 2004, the average wages and salaries in urban units were 16024 Yuan, up to 14.1% to last year. The real wage increase rate was 10.5% after the price factor deducted. The average wage of the on-post staff and workers in state-owned units was 16729 Yuan, 9814 Yuan in the urban collective-owned unit, and 16259 Yuan in other ownership units.
The wage guideline system was set up in 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. The wage guide level in labor market was released in 140 large and medium sized cities and the information on industry labor cost was released in 13 large and medium cities. The wage collective bargaining system was established in 0.29 million enterprises.
IV. Labor Relations
47 arrangement programs for the laid-off workers were audited and 0.32 million persons were involved in locked-out or bankrupt enterprises which were dominated by the central government. 58 transformation programs were examined and submitted, which was associated with supplementary bodies separated from the main body for the enterprises under the central government. 3047 enterprises and 0.44 million staff and workers were involved.
In 2004, 0.26 million labor disputed cases were dealt with by the labor dispute arbitration commission at all levels, up to 15.2％ over the previous year, 0.76 million labors were involved. Among those cases, 19000 cases were for the collective labor dispute, up to 72.7% to last year. 0.259 million cases were tried and settled by the various level labor dispute arbitration commissions, the settled cases rate was 93.2％.
V. Legal System and Supervisory on Labor Security
In November 2004, the State Council promulgated ‘The Supervisory Regulations on Labor Security’. The Ministry of Labor and Social Security revised ‘The Regulations on Collective Contract’ and ‘The Regulations on the Minimum wage’, issued ‘Certain Regulations for Implementing The Supervisory Regulations on Labor security’.
At the end of 2004, there were 3277 the labor security supervisory agencies in
The special inspect actions on protecting the rights and interests for the migrant workers and child labors were taken nationally in 2004. 1.15 million units which hired workers were inspected, one million such units were examined during the annual rotating check. 0.25 million cases reported and complained by the masses were dealt with and instructed the units which hired workers to fill and conclude the labor contract for 11.03million people, to repay the default wages for 8.71 million workers, urged the enterprises to repay the social security fees for 4.1 billion Yuan, clamped down on 7470 illegal job exchange agencies.
VI. Golden Security Project and Community Platform Construction
The first period of the Golden Security Project construction was started up completely. The setting-up work of the project at the central level, and work on editing feasibility reports at local level were finished, and the on-line network made communication and data transferring available for the Ministry of Labor and Social Security and other 32 provinces (including Xinjiang Production and Construction Group). The video meeting system was implemented by the ministry and provinces. The construction of database centre, the development and application of unified software and other information works were improved steadily.
By the end of 2004, 6037 neighborhood committees set up the labor security agencies in the whole country, 98% of the total. 26663 towns and villages had such agencies, 73% of the total. 55336 neighborhood committees hired persons engaged in the work of labor security service, 89% of the total.
VII. International Communication and Cooperation
Employment Forum was organized by Chinese government and ILO in
Note:
1. Statistics in the communiqué do not include figures for Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR and
2. All figures in this communiqué are the final statistics, some figures are different from that in ‘ Statistical Communiqué of the People’s Republic of